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FemtoMAX - An X-ray beamline for structural dynamics at the short-pulse facility of MAX IV

The FemtoMAX beamline facilitates studies of the structural dynamics of materials. Such studies are of fundamental importance for key scientific problems related to programming materials using light, enabling new storage media and new manufacturing techniques, obtaining sustainable energy by mimicking photosynthesis, and gleaning insights into chemical and biological functional dynamics. The Femto

Innovation for biorefineries – Networks, narratives, and new institutions for the transition to a bioeconomy

I omställningen till en mer hållbar bioekonomi har mycket fokus legat på utvecklingen av biobränslen. När det gäller innovation och utveckling av kemikalier och andra produkter släpar utvecklingen efter av flera orsaker, vilket visas i denna avhandling.Forskningen visar att det nuvarande systemet är inlåst i ett fossilberoende av flera olika orsaker, både tekniska, organisatoriska och materiella. The transition to a bioeconomy is dependent on transformative changes to technologies, organisations, and institutions, which jointly can be described as a socio-technical change. The thesis contributes to the understanding of how the transition is shaped by expectations on and collaborations for innovation forbiorefineries, which can produce chemicals, fuels, and materials needed in a bioeconomy.

The pathogenetic role of β-cell mitochondria in type 2 diabetes

Mitochondrial metabolism is a major determinant of insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Type 2 diabetes evolves when β-cells fail to release appropriate amounts of insulin in response to glucose. This results in hyperglycemia and metabolic dysregulation. Evidence has recently been mounting that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in these processes. Monogenic dysfunction of mit

Yield losses associated with clinical mastitis occurring in different weeks of lactation

The effects of the first lactational incidence of clinical mastitis (CM) on milk, fat, and protein production were studied in the Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein breeds. The data consisted of 38,535 weekly production records from 1,192 lactations (506 cows), sampled from 1987 to 2004 in one of the university's research herds. Daily yields were analyzed using a repeated-measures mixed model with a

Genome-wide analysis yields new loci associating with aortic valve stenosis

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease, and valve replacement is the only definitive treatment. Here we report a large genome-wide association (GWA) study of 2,457 Icelandic AS cases and 349,342 controls with a follow-up in up to 4,850 cases and 451,731 controls of European ancestry. We identify two new AS loci, on chromosome 1p21 near PALMD (rs7543130; odds ratio (OR

Anisotropic photoemission time delays close to a Fano resonance

Electron correlation and multielectron effects are fundamental interactions that govern many physical and chemical processes in atomic, molecular and solid state systems. The process of autoionization, induced by resonant excitation of electrons into discrete states present in the spectral continuum of atomic and molecular targets, is mediated by electron correlation. Here we investigate the attos

Prolonged life of human acute hippocampal slices from temporal lobe epilepsy surgery

Resected hippocampal tissue from patients with drug-resistant epilepsy presents a unique possibility to test novel treatment strategies directly in target tissue. The post-resection time for testing and analysis however is normally limited. Acute tissue slices allow for electrophysiological recordings typically up to 12 hours. To enable longer time to test novel treatment strategies such as, e.g.,

Electrospinning of food-grade nanofibres from whey protein

In this study, electrospinning has been employed to produce micro to nano scale fibres of whey protein in order to investigate their potential for use in the food industry. Initially, spinning of pure whey protein proved challenging; so in order to facilitate the spinning of freshly prepared aqueous solutions, small amounts of polyethylene oxide (as low as 1% w/w in solution) were incorporated in

A novel model for protein sequence similarity analysis based on spectral radius

Advances in sequencing technologies led to rapid increase in the number and diversity of biological sequences, which facilitated development in the sequence research. In this paper, we present a new method for analyzing protein sequence similarity. We calculated the spectral radii of 20 amino acids (AAs) and put forward a novel 2-D graphical representation of protein sequences. To characterize pro

Demonstrating climate mitigation technologies : An early assessment of the NER 300 programme

This article takes stock of the world's largest low-carbon technology demonstration programme – the EU's NER 300. The programme has been marked by delays and many withdrawn projects since becoming operational in 2010: CCS projects have failed and not reached final investment decisions; wind and solar projects have succeeded, whereas bioenergy projects have seen successes as well as failures. These

No Time to Talk! : Teachers' Perceptions of Organizational Communication and Work-related Health

Denna avhandling syftar till att utöka kunskapsbasen om hur grundskolelärare i Sverige kommunicerar och interagerar i sitt yrke och vilka arbetsrelaterade hälsoproblem de upplever. Avhandlingen bygger på två studier, vilka genererat tre artiklar. Papper I är baserat på resultat från en explorativ studie med fokusgruppsmetodik. I denna studie undersöktes arbetsplatskommunikationspraxis bland skolläDuring recent years, schoolteachers in Sweden have experienced many reforms and societal changes, resulting in altered conditions for work. Subsequently, many teachers have reported an increased workload and reduced well-being. In addition, previous research has identified a need for more contextually anchored measures of demands and resources pertaining to teachers’ work situation.This dissertati

Falls and Fear of Falling among Persons Who Receive Housing Adaptations-Results from a Quasi-Experimental Study in Sweden

While health might deteriorate through the ageing and disablement process, the impacts of disability can be reduced by adapting the environment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of applying a standardized research-based strategy to housing adaptation as compared to ordinary practice with respect to falls and fear of falling. Another aim was to investigate the overall effects of housing