Biological nitrogen removal in a one sludge system based on alternating operation is described. Results from a half year of operation in a plant designed for a population of 33,000 people are presented showing 90% removal of total-nitrogen, 98% removal of BOD and 74% removal of total-phosphorus (without addition of chemicals). An experiment showing the parameter variation in the plant over 24 hour

An investigation with respect to inhibition of nitrification of wastewater from 109 Swedish municipal wastewater treatment plants was performed. Flow proportional, 24-hour composite samples were collected during one week, and then analysed using the screening method. Inhibition of nitrification above 10% was found at only 20 plants. In general, the load of inhibiting substances is limited in Swedi

Concentration dependent solvation of RbBr in freestanding sub-2 nm water clusters was studied using core level photoelectron spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation. Spectral features recorded from dilute to saturated clusters indicate that either solvent shared or contact ion pairs are present in increasing amount when the concentration exceeds 2 mol kg-1. For comparison, spectra from anhydrous R

Aims: Exaggerated hepatic glucose production is one of the hallmarks of type 2 diabetes. Sulforaphane (SFN) has been suggested as a new potential anti-diabetic compound. However, the effects of SFN in hepatocytes are yet unclear. Accumulating evidence points to the close structural contacts between the ER and mitochondria, known as mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs), as important hubs for

The methyl xanthate ester is presented as a versatile protective group for alcohols. Hydroxyl groups can easily be transformed into methyl xanthate esters by several methods and are commonly used as an auxiliary in the Barton-McCombie reaction. We show that these methyl xanthate esters can readily and chemoselectively be cleaved under mild conditions by the action of diethylenetriamine using micro

Conventional industrial robots are heavily dependent on hard automation that requires pre-specified fixtures and time-consuming (re)programming performed by experienced operators. In this work, teaching by human-only demonstration is used for reducing required time and expertise to setup a robotized assembly station. This is achieved by the proposed framework enhancing the robotic system with adva

There is a sharp contrast between High Resource Settings (HRSs), commonly seen in developed countries and Low Resource Settings (LRSs), typically found in the marginalised sections of societies around the world. Product design for LRSs is crucial to satisfy unmet or under-served needs of the people living in LRSs. Supporting designers to develop successful products for LRSs demands developing an i

The small molecule inhibitor acetazolamide (AZM) was conjugated to a set of designed polypeptides and the resulting conjugates were evaluated for their affinity to Human Carbonic Anhydrase II (HCA II) using surface plasmon resonance. The dissociation constant of the AZM-HCA II complex was 38. nM and that of the AZM conjugated polypeptide (4-C10L17-AZM) to HCA II was found to be 4. nM, an affinity

The NF-κB signaling pathway is a validated oncological target. Here, we applied scaffold hopping to IMD-0354, a presumed IKKβ inhibitor, and identified 4-hydroxy-N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,5-thiadiazole-3-carboxamide (4) as a nM-inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway. However, both 4 and IMD-0354, being potent inhibitors of the canonical NF-κB pathway, were found to be inactive in human IKKβ e

Purpose - H2O, CO2 and CO are three main species in combustion systems which have high volume fractions. In addition, soot has strong absorption in the infrared band. Thus, H2O, CO2, CO and soot may take important roles in radiative heat transfer. To provide calculations with high accuracy, all of the participating media should be considered non-gray media. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to st

Cassava is the third-most important food source in the tropics after rice and maize. Cassava is the staple food for about half a billion people in the World. It is a tropical crop grown mainly in Africa, Asia, and South America. It can be cultivated on arid and semiarid land where other crops do not thrive. During the processing of cassava into chips, flour or starch, enormous amount of wastes are

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived mesencephalic dopaminergic (mesDA) neurons can relieve motor deficits in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Clinical translation of differentiation protocols requires standardization of production procedures, and surface-marker-based cell sorting is considered instrumental for reproducible generation of defined cell products. Here, we demonstrate

The energy hub concept is gradually getting popular due to its capability to integrate renewable energy technologies into the energy grid with a minimum impact. Designing distributed energy hubs is a challenging task due to the coupling of optimum dispatch and energy system sizing problems. Operation of the system needs to be considered for 8760 time steps and energy system sizing optimization can

Understanding how cancer cells regulate endocytosis during the cell cycle could lead us to capitalize this event pharmacologically. Although certain endocytosis pathways are attenuated during mitosis, the endocytosis shift and regulation during the cell cycle have not been well clarified. The conventional concept of glucose-regulated proteins (GRPs) as protein folding chaperones was updated by dis

Heterogeneity of asthma and difficulty in achieving optimal control are the major challenges in the management of asthma. To help attain the best possible clinical outcomes in patients with asthma, several guidelines provide recommendations for patients who will require a referral to a specialist. Such referrals can help in clearing the uncertainty from the initial diagnosis, provide tailored trea

Introduction: The primary aim of this study was to compare the objective and subjective outcomes and short-term complication rates of an adjustable single-incision mini-sling (SIMS) vs. standard mid-urethral slings (SMUS). The secondary aim was to report pain perception and complications at the one-year follow up. Material and methods: The study was designed as a multicenter prospective randomized