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Although estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) is a marker used to identify breast cancer patients most likely to benefit from endocrine therapy, approximately 50% of ERalpha-positive breast carcinomas are resistant to tamoxifen. Preclinical studies have shown that phosphorylation of ERalpha at serine-118 (ERalphaS118-P) is required for tamoxifen-mediated inhibition of ERalpha-induced gene expression.
In this work, the photofragmentation subsequent to valence and Cd4d photoionization of cadmium dichloride (CdCl2) were studied using He I and synchrotron excitation. The measurements were performed with a photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) setup, and the connection between the singly ionized electronic states and cationic fragments was investigated. The valence-ionized states were found t
The purpose of the paper is to provide more knowledge on how to estimate disruption risk exposure in the supply chain by developing a conceptual estimation model. The purpose is also to shortly illustrate and discuss by help of a case the possibilities to adapt this theoretical model for use in everyday practice.
The developed model, which links disruption risk to disruption source, covers all
A method for reaching longitudinal dispersion coefficient accounting sinuosity effects is suggested. The proposed method was verified using 43 sets of measured field data from previous study were collected from 30 streams and these data were chosen depends on characteristics availability (flow parameters, fluid properties and Sinuosity). Statistical programs namely MINITAB and SPSS were used to de
The glycosphingolipid (GSL) antigens in the clinically important P1PK and GLOB blood group systems are present on erythrocytes as well as other tissues and are so-called histo-blood group antigens. Blood group antigens of carbohydrate nature are products of enzymes, so-called glycosyltransferases, adding sugars in a step-wise manner to an acceptor substrate. Presence or absence of the P1PK and GLO
The great polymorphism observed in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is thought to be maintained by pathogen-mediated selection possibly combined with MHC-disassortative mating, guided by MHC-determined olfactory cues. Here, we partly characterize the MHC class I and II B of the blue petrel, Halobaena caerulea (Procellariiformes), a bird with significant olfactory abilities that liv
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) stem cells appear resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in vitro, but their impact and drug sensitivity in vivo has not been systematically assessed. We prospectively analyzed the proportion of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemic stem cells (LSCs, Ph+CD34+CD38=) and progenitor cells (LPCs, Ph+CD34+CD38+) from 46 newly diagnosed CML patients both at the
In experimentally induced myocardial ischemia, mild hypothermia (33-35 degrees C) has a robust cardioprotective effect. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a profibrinolytic enzyme that is released from the vascular endothelial cells in response to ischemia and other injurious stimuli. t-PA has also been found to have proinflammatory properties that could contribute to reperfusion injury. We po
Insect wing shapes are remarkably diverse and the combination of shape and kinematics determines both aerial capabilities and power requirements. However, the contribution of any specific morphological feature to performance is not known. Using targeted RNA interference to modify wing shape far beyond the natural variation found within the population of a single species, we show a direct effect on
Photon time-of-flight spectroscopy (PTOFS) is a powerful tool for analysis of turbid materials. We have constructed a time-of-flight spectrometer based on a supercontinuum fiber laser, acousto-optical tunable filtering, and an InP/InGaAsP microchannel plate photomultiplier tube. The system is capable of performing PTOFS up to 1400 nm, and thus covers an important region for vibrational spectroscop
Background: The 'Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities' (CRPD) requires governments to meet the assistive technology needs of citizens. However, the access to assistive technology in developing countries is severely limited, which is aggravated by a lack of related services. Objectives: To summarize current knowledge on assistive technology for low- and lower-middle-income countrie
Plant functional response groups (PFGs) are now widely established as a tool to investigate plant-environment relationships. Different statistical methods to form PFGs are used in the literature. One way is to derive emergent groups by classifying species based on correlation of biological attributes and subjecting these groups to tests of response to environmental variables. Another way is to sea
alpha-Synuclein (alpha-Syn) accounts, as a major component of Lewy bodies (LB), for the filamentous deposits in many cases of neurodegenerative diseases. Yet, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of neuronal loss in these diseases. The correlation between alpha-Syn oligomerization/aggregation and pathologies raises the key question of which molecular form of alpha-Syn (i.e. monomeric alp
