Premise: The role of pollinators in evolutionary floral divergence has spurred substantial effort into measuring pollinator-mediated phenotypic selection and its variation in space and time. For such estimates, the fitness consequences of pollination processes must be separated from other factors affecting fitness. Methods: We built a fitness function linking phenotypic traits of food-deceptive or

In recent years, shared freight systems have emerged in many cities as a new modality of freight transportation. However, little attention has been paid to the impact of a city's socioeconomic status on the characteristics of a shared freight network. To fill this gap, in this study, the structural characteristics of an intra-urban shared freight network are measured from the perspective of comple

BackgroundEducation is expected to bring about positive behavioral changes which could lead to improved health behaviors. Parental education is a primary determinant of child health and development. However, some evidence showed inverse associations between high parental education and recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) in Bangladesh. How the association of parental education differs

BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord blood gases are routinely used by midwives and obstetricians for quality assurance of birth management and in clinical research. They can form the basis for solving medicolegal issues in the identification of severe intrapartum hypoxia at birth. However, the scientific value of veno-arterial differences in cord blood pH, also known as ΔpH, is largely unknown. By traditio

Due to the electrification of vehicles, new demands are being imposed on gears, which translates to the tolerances of manufacturing errors. However, not many studies treat the impact of manufacturing error combinations on the lubricant behavior of gear sets. Therefore, a simulation method is developed, including its derivation, discretization, and implementation. The method solves the thermal elas

Based on an ethnographic study of non-conformist mosques, this article demonstrates how Muslims may adopt a Sunni or Shiʿa identity while navigating spaces that are institutionalised as such but give much less importance to this identity – if any – when occupying less structured spaces. It may, for example, have little influence on what religious literature they read, which preachers they follow o

Bioarchaeological evidence of interpersonal violence and early warfare presents important insights into conflict in past societies. This evidence is critical for understanding the motivations for violence and its effects on opposing and competing individuals and groups across time and space. Selecting the Neolithic of northwestern Europe as an area for study, the present paper examines the variati

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the trajectories of work and activity impairments among people participating in a digital self-management program for osteoarthritis (OA).METHODS: We conducted an observational longitudinal study using data for baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months follow ups from people participating in a digital OA treatment between June 2018 and September 2021. The Work Productivity and Acti

In 2015, following a series of sub-regional consultations, 109 states endorsed an Agenda for the Protection of Cross-Border Displaced Persons in the Context of Disasters and Climate Change. Although active in supporting the consultative process and notwithstanding their endorsement of this ‘Protection Agenda’, the European Union and its Member States promote ‘effective practices’ in the global SouIn 2015, following a series of sub-regional consultations, 109 states endorsed an Agenda for the Protection of Cross-Border Displaced Persons in the Context of Disasters and Climate Change. Although active in supporting the consultative process and notwithstanding their endorsement of this ‘Protection Agenda’, the European Union and its Member States promote ‘effective practices’ in the global Sou

The report compares climate migration cases in Sweden and Austria, establishing a quantitative measure plus legal and policy analysis.

In liberal democracies, interest groups and political parties constitute the primary organizational carriers of citizens’ preferences into the decision- making of the executive and legislative institutions. While political science research has put extensive efforts into understanding both channels of representation, their combined effect for citizen representation has only recently come into focus

The post examines connections between global North, and particularly European, efforts to address climate- and disaster-related displacement in climate vulnerable countries, and the externalization policies implemented by those same countries to prevent refugee and migratory movements.

This chapter introduces the analytical framework for the research initiative as a whole. It begins with an overview of what the Guiding Principles offer, and where there are limitations when it comes to addressing displacement in the context of disasters and climate change. The chapter highlights the critical role of national law and policy in addressing internal displacement in the context of dis

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book focuses on internal displacement in the context of disasters and climate change in Asia and the Pacific. It brings the role of disaster risk reduction and management authorities, as well as legal and policy frameworks that regulate their conduct, more into focus than the role of o

This chapter suggests ways forward in both policy and research. It establishes that legal and policy frameworks have little value without implementation, and multiple factors beyond these frameworks affect the extent to which people are protected from and during displacement and whether durable solutions to displacement are ultimately realised. Internationally, UN agencies, treaty monitoring bodie

The report consolidates key international standards and guidelines relevant to displacement in the context of disasters and climate change.

The purpose of this Background Brief is to communicate key components of an integrated human rights-based and gender equality approach to building resilience to pandemic risk at the local level. It addresses pandemic prevention, preparedness for response, and building forward better within the umbrella of the post-2015 development agenda. Rather than focusing on the biomedical aspects of disease t