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A method is presented for assessing daylighting quality based on metrics related to illuminance, distribution, glare and directivity. The calculations are done using the programs RADIANCE and DAYSIM for a south-west and a north-west oriented offices in the CDP building in Montreal (latitude 45° 30'N). The results indicate that the following set of metrics is the most useful for assessing the dayli
This article presents the results of a study where the effect of five window glazing types on daylight quality was investigated using a scale model (1:6) of a room with a single, south east-oriented window exposed to the natural sky. The space studied simulated a typical, fully furnished living room. A total of 30 research subjects took part in the experiment, observed the room and filled question
The impact of seven shading devices on daylight quality in a south-oriented office was investigated by simulations with Radiance at three specific times on three sunny days. Daylight quality was assessed for a large number of desk positions by considering simple performance indicators: the absolute and relative work plane illuminance and the absolute and relative luminance of surfaces. The results
What has previously been referred to as terrorism or ideologically motivated crime in Sweden has recently increasingly been referred to as violence-affirming extremism. The new language use implies an expansion of the focus from actual violence use to including also those groups and ideologies that affirm the use of violence to fulfill political goals. The significant changes in the new language u
Establishment in flocks by juvenile marsh tits, Parus palustris, was simulated in outdoor aviaries. Encounters between established and intruding juveniles were won by the established ones, irrespective of sex, size or age. As existing flock size increased, establishment became successively harder. Intruding females received less aggression from already established juveniles than did intruding male
Dispersal distance, measured as the number of territories between place of birth and place of first breeding, was analysed within and between sexes in juvenile marsh tits in relation to factors potentially caiusing variation in dispersal pattern. Dispersal distance of males was positively influenced by both population density and hatching date. In females, dispersal distance were positively relate
By experimentally manipulating the time when young marsh tits, Parus palustris, could become established, I tested the influence of size, hatching date, social dominance in caged situations, and time of season on establishment success. Individuals that managed to become established were divided into two groups: those that became established in new territories and those that were found in the same
By providing supplemental food to Marsh Tits (Parus palustris) from the day the first egg was laid, effects on clutch size could be directly attributed to food without the confounding effects on laying date. Females provisioned with additional food responded by laying, on average, on egg more than control females. Differences in territory quality did not influence this result because, on territori
AIMS: To assess the efficacy of the 2nd generation Cryoballoon for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PersAF), and to compare it to patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF).METHODS: The outcome (arrhythmia recurrence at 12 months) was prospectively assessed in patients with PersAF(n = 77) and compared to that in patients with PAF(n = 62), who
Aims: A single cryoballoon (CB) application per vein for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) could save time and was therefore compared to the standard approach of two consecutive CB applications for acute and long-term efficacy and safety.Methods and results: Patients with symptomatic AF were randomized to a single CB application per vein guided by an Achieve®
BACKGROUND: Patients with a high ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased risk of receiving inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks. The objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of high frequency atrioventricular-nodal stimulation (AVNS) to reduce the ventricular rate during AF to prevent inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks.M
