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We investigated protocerebral processing of behaviorally relevant signals in the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum. Single neurons were studied both physiologically and morphologically using intracellular recording techniques. In moth pheromone communication systems, the presence of the complete, female-produced pheromone blend is necessary for male attraction. We predicted that more protocerebral neur

In order to study the effects of increasing age on the human skeletal muscle, cross-sections (15 micron) of autopsied whole vastus lateralis muscle from 43 previously physically healthy men between 15 and 83 years of age were prepared and examined. The data obtained on muscle area, total number, size, proportion and distribution of type 1 (slow-twitch) and type 2 (fast-twitch) fibers were analysed

An accord specifying a unique set of conventions for supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model together with generic file structures for 1) supersymmetric model specifications and input parameters, 2) electroweak scale supersymmetric mass and coupling spectra, and 3) decay tables is presented, to provide a universal interface between spectrum calculation programs, decay packages, and high en

The clinical T1-T2 prostatic carcinoma is a heterogeneous tumor in respect to pathologic stage and outcome. Tumor heterogeneity can be fairly good predicted by the use of classification and regression tree analysis with preoperative parameters, especially a quantitative analysis of Gleason grade 4-5 cancer in six systematic biopsies and a determination of preoperative prostate-specific antigen lev

In this population-based study the colic incidence was 9.4%, according to telephone interviews with the parents made when the infants were 5 weeks of age (n = 1628), and parental concern about infant crying was common. However, 7-day diaries of colicky and control infants (n = 116 + 119) revealed low distress amounts in colicky infants in general. In the subgroup of Wessel-colicky infants (n = 37)

The synthesis is described of a globotetraose trimer in 74% yield by the reaction of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine with the hydrophobic squaric decyl ester glycoside of globotetraose. The synthesis was readily monitored and purified using reversed phase HPLC. Unreacted squaric decyl ester globotetraoside was recovered rendering the method highly economical.

Adult neurons possess the ability to adapt to a changing environment. Loss of target-derived neurotrophic factors due to axotomy or isolation by culturing is known to induce changes in neuropeptide expression in several types of peripheral neurons. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in the expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in

Phospholipid vesicles and supported bilayers have emerged as a promising platform for the development of biorecognition devices. To expand the capabilities of such biochips, it becomes desirable to direct and control the assembly of lipid structures into more sophisticated architectures. As one step toward this goal, we demonstrate the photoregulated desorption of a new class of polymer from lipid

Degradation of phenol and o-, m- and p-cresol at a concentration of 150 mg; l(-1) of each compound was studied in a suspended-carrier biofilm process consisting of two aerobic stages. The fungus Mortierella sarnyensis Mil'ko dominated the microflora. in the first reactor, while bacteria dominated in the second reactor. The process was studied at 4, 7, 11 and 15 degreesC. The results from the exper

Oligosaccharides of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and methyl cellulose were investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The cellulose ether oligosaccharides were produced either by enzymatic depolymerization utilizing the purified family 5 endoglucanase from Bacillus agaradhaerens or by partial acidic depolymerization. To lowe

Equity is an important policy objective in the health care field. The importance of equity in health care provision can be argued from various points of view. As a result governments in all countries attempt to provide health care systems that enable equal access for everyone. Zambia is no exception. In the health care reforms the objective of the national health strategy is to provide Zambians wi

Surface tension measurements were used to characterise the binding of the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB, to three starch polysaccharides, amylose from potato, amylopectin from potato and amylopectin from barley. Surface tension measurements were used according to the axisymmetric drop shape analysis. ADSA, to determine the concentration of free CTAB monomers during c

Half of the biological activity in forest soils is supported by recent tree photosynthate, but no study has traced in detail this flux of carbon from the canopy to soil microorganisms in the field. Using (CO2)-C-13, we pulse-labelled over 1.5 h a 50-m(2) patch of 4-m-tall boreal Pinus sylvestris forest in a 200-m(3) chamber. Tracer levels peaked after 24 h in soluble carbohydrates in the phloem at

In this study, we examined the relationship between seed size, seed rain, and seed bank in a species-rich perennial grassland in Sweden. The seed rain was monitored by 100 seed traps placed in a 10 m x 10 m area for 1 year. The seed bank was sampled by taking 100 soil samples, each in close vicinity to a seed trap. Abundance of reproductive ramets in the area was estimated, since this is likely to

Nitrogen deposition and intentional forest fertilisation with nitrogen are known to affect the species composition of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities. To learn more about the mechanisms responsible for these effects, the relations between fungal growth, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen availability were studied in ectomycorrhizal fungi in axenic cultures and in symbiosis with pine seedlings. Effect

BACKGROUND: The method for red marrow dosimetry in radioimmunotherapy, in the absence of specific activity uptake in red marrow, is based on the activity measured in the blood or plasma. The activity concentration ratio of red marrow to blood is then assumed to be constant. The aim of the current study was to determine whether this ratio varies with time after injection. METHODS: Measurements were

The Schottky barrier height (SBH) of Au on 4H-SiC(0001) has been studied using photoemission and synchrotron radiation. The Au was deposited in-situ on clean and well-ordered root3 X roots R30degrees reconstructed SiC surfaces prepared by in situ heating at similar to950degreesC. The SBH was determined from the shift observed in the Si 2p core level, in addition to the initial band bending determi

The adsorption of amino acids onto mineral surfaces plays an important role in a wide range of areas, e.g., low-temperature aqueous geochemistry, bone formation and protein-bone interactions. In this work, the adsorption of three alpha aminoacids (sarcosine, MIDA and EDDA) onto goethite (alpha-FeOOH) was studied as a function of pH and background electrolyte concentration at 25.0 degrees C, and th