All phase III trials evaluating medical treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI), performed to date, have failed. To facilitate future success there is a need for novel outcome metrics that can bridge pre-clinical studies to clinical proof of concept trials. Our objective was to assess diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and biofluid-based biomarkers as efficacy outcome metrics in a large animal stu

In cold region, conceptual models assigned precipitation phase, liquid (rain) or solid (snow), cause vastly different atmospheric, hydrological, and ecological responses, along with significant differences in evaporation, runoff, and infiltration fates for measured precipitation mass. A set air temperature threshold (ATT) applied to the over 30% annual precipitation events occurring with surface a

The National Institutes of Health hosted a workshop in 2019 to build consensus around the current state of understanding of the pathophysiology of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and to identify knowledge gaps that must be addressed to enhance clinical care of POTS patients through research. This second (of two) articles summarizes current knowledge gaps, and outlines the clinical

Background and objective Few studies have investigated the association between surgical volume and outcome of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in an unselected cohort. We sought to investigate the association between surgical volume with peri-operative and short-term outcomes in a nation-wide, population-based study group. Methods 9,810 RARP's registered in the National Prostate Cancer

Agricultural management practices and extreme weather events associated with climate change can influence the diversity and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with potential consequences for crop production. However, the importance of the interactive effects of long-term agricultural management and extreme weather events on AMF communities in agricultural soils is not yet fully explor

Organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are believed to result from T-cell-mediated damage of the target tissue. The immune-mediated tissue injury, in turn, is known to depend on complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Nevertheless, the mechanisms whereby environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases remain elusive and repr

The properties of atomic negative ions are to a large extent determined by electron-electron correlation which makes them an ideal testing ground for atomic many-body physics. In this paper, we present a detailed experimental and theoretical study of excited states in the negative ion of iridium. The ions were stored at cryogenic temperatures using the double electrostatic ion ring experiment faci

The use of the magnetic-field-induced transition (MIT) in Fe X for the measurement of the magnetic field strength in the solar corona has been discussed and demonstrated in a number of recent studies. This diagnostic technique depends on, among other conditions, the accuracy of the atomic data for Fe X. In the present work, we carry out a large-scale calculation for the atomic properties needed fo

Two inherent challenges in the mechanistic interpretation of protease-deficient phenotypes are defining the specific substrate cleavages whose reduction generates the phenotypes and determining whether the phenotypes result from loss of substrate function, substrate accumulation, or loss of a function(s) embodied in the substrate fragments. Hence, recapitulation of a protease-deficient phenotype b

Molecular motor gliding motility assays based on myosin/actin or kinesin/microtubules are of interest for nanotechnology applications ranging from cargo-trafficking in lab-on-a-chip devices to novel biocomputation strategies. Prototype systems are typically monitored by expensive and bulky fluorescence microscopy systems. The development of integrated, direct electric detection of single filaments

Reactive settling denotes the process of sedimentation of small solid particles dispersed in a viscous fluid with simultaneous reactions between the components that constitute the solid and liquid phases. This process is of particular importance for the simulation and control of secondary settling tanks (SSTs) in water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs), formerly known as wastewater treatment pl

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the mediational pathways from genetic risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) to AUD itself. Method: Using information on AUD status from first-through fourth-degree relatives obtained from national registries, we created a genetic risk score for AUD for the Swedish population. We first tested a simple mediational path model in males and females sepa

Machine Learning (ML) is a fundamental part of modern perception systems. In the last decade, the performance of computer vision using trained deep neural networks has outperformed previous approaches based on careful feature engineering. However, the opaqueness of large ML models is a substantial impediment for critical applications such as in the automotive context. As a remedy, Gradient-weighte

Financial news has been identified as an important alternative information source for modeling market dynamics in recent years. While most of the attention goes to stock markets, the foreign exchange (Forex) market, in contrast, is much less studied. Most of the existing text mining research for the Forex market combine news sentiment with other text features, making the contribution of each facto

Braze clad on aluminum (Al) sheets has enabled fast and convenient brazing assembly of complex heat exchangers. However, there are details in the brazing process that are not fully understood. Herein, 3D X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) is used to investigate the grain position, size, and orientation before and after controlled atmosphere brazing (CAB). The outcomes are presented as maps of center-of-mas

Aim: We aimed to estimate the risk of hearing impairment in children and adolescents with foreign-born parents, compared to natives. Methods: A nationwide study of 1,923,590 (51.4% boys) individuals aged 0–17 years of age in Sweden. Hearing impairment was defined as at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2015. We used Cox regressio

We study the possible Hausdorff limits of the Julia sets and filled Julia sets of subsequences of the sequence of dual Chebyshev polynomials of a non-polar compact set K⊂ C and compare such limits to K. Moreover, we prove that the measures of maximal entropy for the sequence of dual Chebyshev polynomials of K converges weak* to the equilibrium measure on K.

Objectives: Total body irradiation (TBI) is commonly used prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in myeloablative conditioning regimens. However, TBI may be replaced by total marrow irradiation (TMI) at centres with access to Helical TomoTherapy, a modality that has the advantage of delivering intensity-modulated radiotherapy to long targets such as the entire bone marrow compartm

Objective: The aim of this integrative review was to identify facilitators and barriers to patients’ well-being when being cared for in an ICU setting, from the perspective of the patients. Background: To become critically ill and hospitalised in an ICU is a stressful, chaotic event due to the life-threatening condition itself, as well as therapeutic treatments and the environment. A growing body