Background: It is a critical challenge to diagnose leptomeningeal metastasis (LM), given its technical difficulty and the lack of typical symptoms. The existing gold standard of diagnosing LM is to use positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, which consumes significantly more time to classify cells under a microscope.Objective: This study aims to establish a deep learning model to classify can

Animals normally vocalise while exhaling. Ingressive, or inspiratory, voice production occurs in humans and many other species, but its communicative function, if any, remains unknown. To test the perceptual effects of ingressive phonation, naturally occurring ingressive syllables in 109 human nonverbal vocalisations (55 laughs, 21 cries, and 33 moans) were experimentally attenuated or morphed int

During the 2022 Winter Paralympic Games in Beijing, the Para snow-sport events will be held at high altitudes and in possibly cold conditions while also requiring adjustment to several time zones. Furthermore, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may lead to suboptimal preparations. Another concern is the high rate of injuries that have been reported in the Para alpine and snowboard events. In addition t

This report presents the findings from a pre-study concerning the opportunities and challenges of digitalization and automation in bridge design. The project approach is divided into three parts: 1) a short review of the relevant literature, 2) investigations concerning bridge industry perspectives (with focus on bridge consultants), and 3) the identification of future research needs based on part

Neutrophils are commonly regarded as the first line of immune response during infection or in tissue injury-induced inflammation. The rapid influx of these cells results in the release of host defense proteins (HDPs) or formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). As a second wave during inflammation or infection, circulating monocytes arrive at the site. Earlier studies showed that HDPs LL

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The objective of this study was to review and describe the current state of Swedish osteoporosis care and to highlight ongoing challenges. This report encompasses quantitative health outcomes based on Swedish registry data as well as organizational and management aspects. Swedish osteoporosis care is characterized by a significant burden of disease, difficulties in identifying high-risk patients,

In many clinical cases a dentist may feel certain when for example diagnosing, deciding on treatment, or assessing the prognosis—in other cases many dentists may feel a degree of doubt or uncertainty. This paper aims to explore the philosophical concept of uncertainty and its different dimensions, using the condition “persistent apical periodontitis associated with a previously root filled tooth”

The skeletal responses to calcium depletion and repletion in rodents have been well characterized, but those in humans are poorly understood. The present study sought to evaluate the effects of short term dietary calcium depletion and repletion on biochemical markers of bone turnover in 15 young Caucasian women (age, 21-30 yr). The study contained 3 phases: 1) 5 days of a regular diet containing m

Objective: To evaluate the influence of implant and prosthetic components on peri-implant tissue health. A further aim was to evaluate peri-implant soft-tissue changes following surgical peri-implantitis treatment. Materials and methods: Group discussions based on two systematic reviews (SR) and one critical review (CR) addressed (i) the influence of implant material and surface characteristics on

Miljövård är en i raden av verksamheter som sett det värde-fulla i att grunda beslut på en bas av systematiskt behand-lad evidens. Inspiration och egentligen hela upplägget tas från medicinen: evidensbaserad medicin (EBM). Genom EBMs fantastiska genomslag har det skapats en infra-struktur för medicinsk evidens som andra verksamheter bara kan avundas. Det har också cementerat en syn på evidens som

PURPOSE: To investigate Swedish immigrants to the United States debarred for medical reasons, with particular focus on trachoma. METHOD: Annual official reports of debarred immigrants have been compiled to compare reasons for debarment among Scandinavian immigrants vs. immigrants from all countries. Individual cases of trachoma among Swedish immigrants have been searched for in contemporary newspa

Background: The global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has increased markedly in recent decades. Given the scarcity of resources available to address global health challenges and respiratory medicine being relatively under-invested in, it is important to define research priorities for COPD globally. In this paper, we aim to identify a ranked set of COPD research prioriti

AbstractGiant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis in adults among people in the western world. The pathogenesis and etiology are not fully understood.In Study I, we investigated potential predictors for developing GCA, i.e. Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking and hormone-related factors, in a nested case control study. We identified cases and matched controls (4/case) who previously had