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USA:s president Joseph R Biden överväger att ändra USA:s politik för kärnvapenavskräckning. Sedan kärnvapenålderns början har Washington alltid förklarat att man kan komma att svara med kärnvapen som vedergällning, inte bara på attacker med kärnvapen, utan även på icke-nukleära aggressioner. Denna deklaratoriska politik kan snart komma att skärpas: Biden skulle vilja minska kärnvapnens roll genom U.S. President Joseph R. Biden is considering changing the United States’ policy on nuclear deterrence. Since the beginning of the nuclear age, Washington has always declared that it could respond with nuclear retaliation not only to attacks with nuclear weapons, but also to non-nuclear aggression. That declaratory policy may soon be tightened: Biden would like to reduce the role of nuclear weapon

This book investigates the activities undertaken by the variety of actors that contribute to accomplishing cultural policy in Europe. These range from policy formulation and administration at the national and local levels, to artistic and cultural production activities to institutional governance.

Ten per cent of patients with colorectal cancer will develop peritoneal metastases. These metastases are known to have a lesser response to systemic chemotherapy than liver- and lung metastases. Randomized studies have shown that adding cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to this treatment gives a better chance of survival. Recently, a randomized study failed to s

We use density-matrix simulations to study the performance of three distance three quantum error correction (QEC) codes in the context of the rare-earth (RE) ion-doped crystal platform for quantum computing. We analyze pseudothresholds for these codes when parallel operations are not available, and examine the behavior both with and without resting errors. In RE systems, resting errors can be miti

We discuss how coherent driving of a two-level quantum system can be used to induce a complex phase on the ground state and we discuss its geometric and dynamic contributions. While the global phase of a wave function has no physical significance, the coherent dynamics in a two-level subspace provides relative phases and is an essential building block for more advanced dynamics in larger systems.

BACKGROUND: European guidelines recommend that well-informed men at elevated risk of having prostate cancer (PCa) should be offered prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing with risk-stratified follow-up. The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare recommends against screening for PCa but supports regional implementation of organised prostate cancer testing (OPT).OBJECTIVE: To report the proce

Aerosols and their interaction with clouds constitute the largest uncertainty in estimating the radiative forcing affecting the climate system. Secondary aerosol formation is responsible for a large fraction of the cloud condensation nuclei in the global atmosphere. Wetlands are important to the budgets of methane and carbon dioxide, but the potential role of wetlands in aerosol formation has not

Creep of concrete structures is in most cases regarded as a serviceability problem that may have impacts on maintenance and repair costs but cannot lead to structural collapse. However, several structural collapses during the past decades have been, at least partly, attributed to excessive creep deformations. Recent studies suggest that concrete creep may be further exacerbated by climate change.

Objectives: To investigate the association between occupational noise exposure and stroke incidence in a pooled study of five Scandinavian cohorts (NordSOUND). Methods: We pooled and harmonised data from five Scandinavian cohorts resulting in 78 389 participants. We obtained job data from national registries or questionnaires and recoded these to match a job-exposure matrix developed in Sweden, wh

Eco-friendly materials with superior thermal insulation and mechanical properties are desirable for improved energy- and space-efficiency in buildings. Cellulose aerogels with structural anisotropy could fulfill these requirements, but complex processing and high energy demand are challenges for scaling up. Here we propose a scalable, nonadditive, top-down fabrication of strong anisotropic aerogel

Motivated by the observed bottom-light initial mass function (IMF) in faint dwarfs, we study how a metallicity-dependent IMF affects the feedback budget and observables of an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy. We model the evolution of a low-mass 8 × 108 M⊙) dark matter halo with cosmological, zoomed hydrodynamical simulations capable of resolving individual supernovae explosions, which we complement with

The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm is a promising method for sparse source location in time–division multiplexing (TDM) multiple–input, multiple– output (MIMO) radar systems, with notable performance gains in regard to resolution enhancement and side lobe suppression. However, the current batch LASSO algorithm suffers from high– computational complexity when deal

C4b-binding protein (C4BP) is a well-known regulator of the complement system that holds additional and important activities unrelated to complement inhibition. Recently, we have described a novel immunomodulatory activity in the minor C4BP(β-) isoform directly acting over inflammatory phagocytes. Here we show that incorporation of the β-chain to the C4BP α-chain oligomer interferes with this immu