We analyze the short-term and the long-term determinants of energy intensity, carbon intensity and scale effects for eight developed economies and two emerging economies from 1973 to 2007. Our results show that there is a difference between the short-term and the long-term results and that climate policy are more likely to affect emission over the long-term than over the short-term. Climate polici

Microbial decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) is the source of most of the terrestrial carbon dioxide emission. Consequently, our ability to predict how climate warming will affect the global carbon (C) budget relies on our understanding of the temperature relationship and adaptability of microbial processes. We exposed soil microcosms to temperatures between 0 and 54 degrees C for 2 months

Cartilage is of vital importance for the function of joints. It is characterized by a prominent extracellular matrix (ECM) that is produced and maintained by relatively few cells of one type, the chondrocyte. The cartilage ECM consists of collagen fibrillar networks, proteoglycan aggregates, and a number of other molecules united in numerous interactions. This work focused at identifying catabolic

Earlier research has treated the metaphors and similes in Seneca’s Epistulae Morales too much as separate units. In this study, Dr Aron Sjöblad argues that we rather ought to concentrate on the way they interact with each other. In the first chapter, Sjöblad demonstrates that a single source domain, the human body, unites many of the metaphors that have been treated as distinct groups in earlier r

A functional blood vessel network is essential for maintaining the necessary oxygen and nutrient levels in solid tumors. Thus, the inhibition of blood vessel growth by different antiangiogenic agents has become one of the most important topics in cancer research over the past few decades. The in vitro studies of these drugs are promising, but both the in vivo and the clinical experiences are contr

Background: Clinical trial participants may be temporarily absent or withdraw from trials, leading to missing data. In intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses, several approaches are used for handling the missing information - complete case (CC) analysis, mixed-effects model (MM) analysis, last observation carried forward (LOCF) and multiple imputation (MI). This report discusses the consequences of app

The jet fragmentation function and transverse profile for jets with 25 GeV < p(Tjet) < 500 GeV and |eta(jet)| < 1.2 produced in proton-proton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV are presented. The measurement is performed using data with an integrated luminosity of 36 pb(-1). Jets are reconstructed and their momentum measured using calorimetric information. The momenta of the charged

In this paper, we investigate the phase behavior and microstructure for a series of salt-free catanionic surfactants of the type Cm+Cn- with varied chain length mismatch (m not equal n), using light microscopy, DSC, turbidity, surface tension, SAXS and SANS. The compounds consist of alkyltrimethylammonium alkylsulfonates, denoted by TA(m)So(n). Depending on the asymmetry between both ions, three r

This study quantified major fluxes of carbon (C), heat and water, including uncertainty estimates, in a boreal forest in northern Sweden, using a process-based model (Coup-Model) and Bayesian calibration methodology. Coupled C, water and heat fluxes were described together with estimated uncertainties for all major components of the simulated C budget. Simulated mean gross primary production was 6

Recension av bok om mytbildningar om andra världskriget.

Background: Intimate partner violence against women is a prevailing public health problem in Tanzania, where four of ten women have a lifetime exposure to physical or sexual violence by their male partners. To be able to suggest relevant and feasible community and health care based interventions, we explored community members' understanding and their responses to intimate partner violence. Methods

Modal shift from private cars to high quality public transport is often seen as a means for improved traffic safety while simultaneously achieving other policy goals. This paper aims to describe safety from a travel-chain perspective and suggests an approach for using accident data as performance indicators. Findings from a recent Swedish case study of bus accidents show that the number of unrepor

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways. In the majority of cases, the inflammation is triggered by tobacco smoke. Smoking also affects the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), protecting against ulcerative colitis (UC) and promoting development of Crohn's disease (CD). The present study was undertaken to investigate occurre

We present a microgeographic analysis of 34 allozyme loci and the control region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the common vole Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1779), performed to assess the effects of environmental heterogeneity on the distribution of genetic variation among populations in the Biebrza river valley, NE Poland The common vole occurs there in two types of habitat open grassland and pastu

The new clusters [Ru-3(CO)(9)(mu-dppf){P(C4H3E)(3)}] (1, E = O; 2, E = S) have been prepared from the Me3NO-induced decarbonylation of [Ru-3(CO)(10)(mu-dppf)] in the presence of PFu(3) (E = O) and PTh3 (E = S), respectively. Upon thermolysis in benzene, the major products are the cyclometalated clusters [(mu-H) Ru-3(CO)(7)(mu-dppf){mu(3)-(C4H3E)(2)P(C4H2E)}] (3, E - O; 4, E - S). This thermolytic

Xylan was extracted from wheat bran after heat pretreatment in water using either an autoclave or a microwave oven. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) were produced from the xylan using the thermostable xylanase RmXyn10A and the potential prebiotic properties of XOS were studied in vitro with different human gut bacteria: Lactobacillus brevis (DSMZ 1269), Bifidobacterium adolescentis (ATCC 15703) and two