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Compact and Low Cost Linear Antenna Array for Millimeter Wave Automotive Radar Applications

A low-cost microstrip patch antenna array is proposed in this paper for automotive radar applications in ISM 24 GHz band. The elements of the center-fed array are connected in series to make a compact design with low complexity by obviating Wilkinson power divider. This approach also helps to reduce the dielectric losses of the array. A full-wave electromagnetics (EM) software EMPIRE XPU is used i

Wideband excitation and matching of fundamental chassis mode using inductive coupling element

It is known that the fundamental radiation mode of a mobile terminal chassis enables wideband coverage below 1 GHz. However, in theory, the bandwidth of this chassis mode extends infinitely beyond 1 GHz. In this paper, we investigate the use of inductive coupling element (ICE) to significantly increase the antenna bandwidth obtainable from the fundamental mode. Using characteristic mode analysis,

Dynamic Optimization of Transportation Networks with Delays

The topic of this thesis is the optimal control of transportation networks. The problem studied is a dynamical extension of a classical problem in economics, in which the objective is to distribute goods to maximize welfare, whilst satisfying constraints on production and consumption. The main contribution is to show that for a class of welfare functions and dynamics, the optimal control is highlyThe topic of this thesis is the optimal control of transportation networks. The problem studied is a dynamical extension of a classical problem in economics, in which the objective is to distribute goods to maximize welfare, whilst satisfying constraints on production and consumption. The main contribution is to show that for a class of welfare functions and dynamics, the optimal control is highly

Experimental manipulation of perceived predation risk and cortisol generates contrasting trait trajectories in plastic crucian carp

Most animals constitute potential prey and must respond appropriately to predator-mediated stress in order to survive. Numerous prey also adaptively tailor their response to the prevailing level of risk and stress imposed by their natural enemies, i.e. they adopt an inducible defence strategy. Predator exposure may activate the stress axis, and drive the expression of anti-predator traits that fac

A Relative Bioavailability Study of Two Misoprostol Formulations Following a Single Oral or Sublingual Administration

Introduction: Misoprostol (Cytotec) was primarily made for treating gastric ulcers. However today it is mostly used for abortion, treating postpartum hemorrhage, and for induction of labor. The tablet contains 200 µg of misoprostol, yet the dosages used for induction of labor are much smaller (25–50 µg), leading to uncertainty of dosage in daily use. Aim: To evaluate and compare the relative bioav

Acute scaphoid fractures : Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment

In cases of suspected scaphoid fracture where the initial radiographs are negative, a supplementary MRI, or alternatively CT, should be carried out within three to five days. Fracture classification, assessment of dislocation as well as evaluation of fracture healing is best done on CT with reconstructions in the coronal and sagittal planes, following the longitudinal axis of the scaphoid. After a

Is early migration enough to explain late clinical loosening of hip prostheses?

Prosthetic loosening has been debated for decades, both in terms of the timing and nature of the triggering events. Multiple radiostereometric studies of hip prostheses have now shown that early migration poses a risk of future clinical failure, but is this enough to explain late clinical loosening? To answer this question, the progression of loosening from initiation to radiographic detection is

Insect target classes discerned from entomological radar data

Entomological radars employing the 'ZLC' (zenith-pointing linear-polarized narrow-angle conical scan) configuration detect individual insects flying overhead and can retrieve information about a target's trajectory (its direction and speed), the insect's body alignment and four parameters that characterize the target itself: its radar cross section, two shape parameters and its wingbeat frequency.

Effects of surface tension time-evolution for CCN activation of a complex organic surfactant

The physical processes and time scales underlying the evolution of surface tension in atmospheric solution droplets are largely unaccounted for in present models describing cloud droplet formation. Adsorption of surface-active molecules at the surface of a solution droplet depresses the droplet surface tension but also depletes solute from the droplet bulk, which have opposing and sometimes cancel

Revisiting the dissolution of cellulose in NaOH as "Seen" by X-rays

Cotton production is reaching a global limit, leading to a growing demand for bio-based textile fibers produced by other means. Textile fibers based on regenerated cellulose from wood holds great potential, but in order to produce fibers, the components need to be dissolved in suitable solvents. Furthermore, the dissolution process of cellulose is not yet fully understood. In this study, we invest

Electric bike navigation behaviour in pedestrian crowds

This study investigates the influence of pedestrian crowdedness on e-bike navigation behaviour in a controlled field experiment. The dataset includes a total of 1520 trajectories, including 18 pedestrians and one e-bike at a time. Based on the e-bike navigation through the pedestrians, the so-called “hindrance” concept was used to classify the data into two phases: passing (same-direction encounte

Effect of delay between nuclear medicine scanning and sentinel node biopsy on outcome in patients with cutaneous melanoma

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an important staging tool for the management of melanoma. A multicentre study was done to validate previous findings that the timing of lymphoscintigraphy influences the accuracy of SLNB and patient outcomes, particularly survival. Methods: Data were reviewed on patients undergoing SLNB for melanoma at three centres in the UK and Sweden, examining t

Hearing outcome after myringoplasty in Sweden : A nationwide registry-based cohort study

Objectives: To present hearing results after successful primary myringoplasty surgeries registered in the Swedish Quality Registry for Myringoplasty and to evaluate the chance of hearing improvement and the risk of hearing loss. Design: A retrospective nationwide cohort study based on prospectively collected registry data between 2002 and 2012. Settings: Registry data from secondary and tertiary h

Sustainability ranking of desalination plants using mamdani fuzzy logic inference systems

As water desalination continues to expand globally, desalination plants are continually under pressure to meet the requirements of sustainable development. However, the majority of desalination sustainability research has focused on new desalination projects, with limited research on sustainability performance of existing desalination plants. This is particularly important while considering countr

Genome-wide association study of angioedema induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker treatment

Angioedema in the mouth or upper airways is a feared adverse reaction to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) treatment, which is used for hypertension, heart failure and diabetes complications. This candidate gene and genome-wide association study aimed to identify genetic variants predisposing to angioedema induced by these drugs. The discovery co