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Perceptual switching, eye movements, and the bus paradox

According to a widely cited finding by Ellis and Stark (1978 Perception 7 575-581), the duration of eye fixations is longer at the instant of perceptual reversal of an ambiguous figure than before or after the reversal. However, long fixations are more likely to include samples of an independent random event than are short fixations. This sampling bias would produce the pattern of results also whe

Scale-invariant fluctuations of the dynamical synchronization in human brain electrical activity

The dynamical properties of large-scale, long-term phase synchronization behavior in the alpha range of electroencephalographic signals were investigated. We observed dynamical phase synchronization and presented evidence of an underlying spatiotemporal ordering. Fluctuations in the duration of episodes of intermittent synchrony are scale-invariant. Moreover, the exponent used to describe this beh

Eye movements during perceptual switches in the pointing triangles illusion

Attneave's (1968) pointing triangle illusion consists of a display of ipsilateral triangles. Perceiving the display results in the illusion that the triangles point in a certain direction. Spontaneous switches in pointing direction are observed. Blink frequency significantly decreases before the switches witnessing for a nonspecific preparation process to perceptual and motor response events. Sacc

Correlation of brain rhythms between frontal and left temporal (Wernicke's) cortical areas during verbal thinking

The aim of this study was to investigate an interaction between frontal and left temporo-parietal cortices in tasks requiring word association. A new method was used to examine averaged event-related potentials in different frequency bands by calculating correlation coefficients between wavelet curves in distant cortical areas. This method was applied to previous event-related potentials recording

Complexity of electrocortical dynamics in children : Developmental aspects

Dimensional complexity (DCx) is an EEG measure derived from nonlinear systems theory that can be indicative of the global dynamical complexity of electrocortical activity. This study examined developmental changes in DCx, as well as the effects of cognitive tasks, gender, and brain topography, and compared DCx with traditional spectral power measures. EEG was recorded in three groups of children a

Age increases brain complexity

This study investigated age-related changes in the human brain function using both traditional EEG analysis (power spectra) and the correlational dimension, a measure reflecting the complexity of EEG dynamics and, probably, the complexity of neurophysiologicaI processes generating the EEG. Assuming that the accumulation of individual experience is determined by the formation of functionally relate

Cortical connectivity during word association search

Cortical connectivity was studied in tasks of generating the use of words in comparison with reading aloud the same words. These tasks were used earlier in PET and high density ERP recordings studies (Posner and Raichle, 1997; Abdullaev and Posner, 1998), in which both the functional anatomy and the time course of cortical areas involved in word processing were described. The wavelet transforms of

Coping with autonomy: Managers’ responses to the pendulum between activity-based and fixed reimbursement systems in Swedish hospital care

Governance and management in publicly funded services includes the processes that governments use to ensure that the activities of organizations involved in the delivery of public services are in line with those expected. In hospital care, the reimbursement model is viewed as an important tool to motivate providers to act in the interest of the funding body. The purpose of this study was to analys

Black Hole Suns: Binarism and Gravity in Cultural Fields

Sociologicial analyses of artistic practice have long drawn on theoretical traditions grounded in binaries and dualisms. Such analytical strategies, exemplified here by field theoretical approaches, center art objects and their movements in and across markets, where binaristic visions of art worlds do offer significant leverage. But when the analyst moves away from markets for art objects and look

Nostalgia and Hope: Intersections between Politics of Culture, Welfare, and Migration in Europe

This open access book shows how the politics of migration affect community building in the 21st century, drawing on both retrogressive and progressive forms of mobilization. It elaborates theoretically and shows empirically how the two master frames of nostalgia and hope are used in local, national and transnational settings, in and outside conventional forms of doing politics. It expands on polar

Generational dynamics of agricultural intensification in Malawi : challenges for the youth and elderly smallholder farmers

In the next 24 years, the Malawian population is expected to double, a development that will inevitably affect access to land and land holding sizes. As access to land is already limited, securing food for the growing population will require policy shifts including the promotion of agricultural intensification. Malawi’s economy depends on the agricultural sector, and this paper addresses the gener

Can people afford to pay for health care? : New evidence on financial protection in Sweden

This review is part of a series of country-based studies generating new evidence on financial protection in European health systems. Financial protection is central to universal health coverage and a core dimension of health system performance.The incidence of catastrophic health spending is low in Sweden compared to many countries in Europe due to relatively high levels of public spending on heal

Management Practices and the Quality of Primary Care.

Using the World Management Survey method, we map and analyse management quality in Swedish primary care centres. On average, private providers have higher management quality than public ones. We also find that centres with a high overall social deprivation among enrolled patients tend to have higher management quality. Regarding quality of care, we find that management quality is positively associ