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The present article is a functional analysis of intonation in Russian declarative utterances. Pragmatically relevant tonal patterns and their functions are identified and described. Utterances are analysed in terms of theme and rheme. Theme is signalled by a tonal rise and rheme by a falling tonal gesture. Beside thematic and rhematic tonal gestures, other rising accents in the utterance are ident
In animal models of Parkinson's disease, striatal overactivation of ERK1/2 via dopamine (DA) D1 receptors is the hallmark of a supersensitive molecular response associated with dyskinetic behaviors. Here we investigate the pathways involved in D1 receptor-dependent ERK1/2 activation using acute striatal slices from rodents with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions. Application of the dopa
To address the problems of climate change and energy security, Chinese government strived to develop renewable power as an important alternative of conventional electricity. In this paper, the learning curve model is employed to describe the decreasing unit investment cost due to accumulated installed capacity; the technology diffusion model is used to analyze the potential of renewable power. Com
The dynamic properties of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) are of fundamental importance for the understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of microalbuminuria and proteinuric diseases. In the studies of this doctoral thesis the properties of the rat glomerular filtration barrier were investigated under resting conditions and following a number of challenges using highly sensitive
Atmospheric N deposition is known to severely impact forest ecosystem functioning by influencing soil biogeochemistry and nutrient balance, and consequently tree growth and overall forest health and biodiversity. Moreover, because climate greatly influences soil processes, climate change and atmospheric N deposition must both be taken into account when analysing the evolution of forest ecosystem s
Inhibitors that are generated during thermochemical pretreatment and hydrolysis impair the performance of microorganisms during fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. In omitting costly detoxification steps, the fermentation process relies extensively on the performance of the fermenting microorganism. One attractive option of improving its performance and tolerance to microbial inhibitors
To be able to successfully measure radiocarbon with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in atmospheric aerosol samples, graphitization of small sample sizes (< 50 µg carbon) must provide reproducible results. At Lund University, a graphitization line optimized for small samples has been constructed. Attention has been given to minimize the reduction reactor volume and each reactor is equipped with
CD8-positive cells might play a crucial role in the therapeutic response to radiation, which has however not been investigated in radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cytotoxic T cells affect the response of established tumors and, above all, if they delay or prevent the development of distant metastases after RIT, using an immunocompetent syngeneic rat colon car
A covariance function estimate of a zero-mean nonstationary random process in discrete time is accomplished from one observed realization by weighting observations with a kernel function. Several kernel functions have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we prove that the mean square error (MSE) optimal kernel function for any parameterized family of random processes can be computed as
Context: Testicular cancer patients are often diagnosed at a young age, and because of the advances in the treatment of this disease, the vast majority have a normal life expectancy after therapy. Thus, recognition of the long-term sequelae of treatment (ie, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy) is particularly important in these patients. Objective: To review the adverse effects and the r
Popular Abstract in Swedish De medeltida katedralerna har med sina imponerande stenfasader och höga torn fortsatt att fascinera människor genom århundradena, och silhuetterna utgör fortfarande ett framträdande landmärke för den som närmar sig stiftsstäderna. Även interiörerna vittnar om den medeltida prakten även om, i likhet med exteriörerna, mycket har förändrats och försvunnit sedan dess. Lika The purpose of this thesis is to study the function of the cathedral as a devotional milieu and try to recreate lay people´s visits using the keywords Places, Times, Objects and Motifs. Geographically the study is limited to two cathedrals in present-day Sweden: the ones in Linköping and Lund. In this way, cathedrals from two different ecclesiastical provinces (the archbishoprics of Uppsala and Lu
Gene fusions arising from translocations make an important contribution to the development of cancer. A new study uses high-throughput sequencing to characterize such fusions at an unprecedented level of resolution.
In this brief article we present initial results of chemical analyses of flint samples from six Polish sites and one Ukrainian site near the Polish border. The purpose is to examine the extent to which Polish flint resembles or differs chemically from Scandinavian flint. Flint from five of the seven analysed localities proved distinguishable from Scandinavian flint on the basis of chemical analysi
The production of deuterons and anti-deuterons in the transverse momentum range 1.1
Studies have suggested poorer health in the homosexual and bisexual groups compared to heterosexuals. Tobacco smoking, which is a health-related behavior associated with psychosocial stress, may be one explanation behind such health differences. Social capital, i.e. the generalized trust in other people and social participation/social networks which decreases the costs of social interaction, has b
One of the major symptoms of the neurodegenerative condition Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowness or loss of voluntary movement, yet frustratingly therapeutic strategies designed to restore movement can result in the development of excessive abnormal movements known as dyskinesia. These dyskinesias commonly develop as a result of pharmacotherapy in the form of L-DOPA administration, but have als
Popular Abstract in English Research has shown the Ugandan construction industry to be, primarily, an informal sector dominated by unskilled labour contracted mainly on minor building works such as alterations and renovations. Within such a context, the industry has also received negative publicity due to increasing quality failures on sites – commonly referred to as shoddy work. Some reasons citeResearch has shown the Ugandan construction industry to be, primarily, an informal sector dominated by unskilled labour contracted mainly on minor building works such as alterations and renovations. Within such a context, the industry has also received negative publicity due to increasing quality failures on sites – commonly referred to as shoddy work. Some reasons cited for these failures include
