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Effects of xylooligosaccharides (XOSs) as well as a mixture of XOS, inulin, oligofructose, and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (MIX) in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were studied. Control groups were fed an HFD or a low-fat diet. Special attention was paid to the cecal composition of the gut microbiota and formation of short-chain fatty acids, but metabolic parameters were also documented. The XOS

Research in music, sound art and sound studies is not only a matter of listening and experiencing auditory phenomena. Neither is it limited to the study of scores, graphic notations or sonograms. With the still increasing expansion of practice-based research methods, many artists and scholars of music, sound art and sound studies now gain their knowledge through their creative practice, or through

The aim of this thesis is to critically investigate the discourses of Sweden’s Art and Music Schools (SAMS, kulturskolor in Swedish) connected to policy processes for the democratisation of music education for all children and adolescents. A further aim is to contribute to knowledge on the development and enactment of policy processes for the democratisation of music education. The empirical materThe aim of this thesis is to critically investigate the discourses of Sweden’s Art and Music Schools (SAMS, kulturskolor in Swedish) connected to policy processes for the democratisation of music education for all children and adolescents. A further aim is to contribute to knowledge on the development and enactment of policy processes for the democratisation of music education. The empirical mater

Identification of the perivascular compartment as the point of exchange between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid mediating solute clearance in the brain, named the glymphatic system, has emerged as an important clearance pathway for neurotoxic peptides such as amyloid-beta. However, the foundational science of the glymphatic system is based on rodent studies. Here we investigated w

Krav på innehåll i blodkomponenter, virustest och kvalitetskriterier regleras i ett EU-direktiv och i Socialstyrelsens föreskrifter. Blodtransfusioner är en vanlig och viktig medicinsk behandling.Det saknas nationella riktlinjer för transfusionsindikationer och uppföljning av blodtransfusioner i Sverige.Det finns medicinsk evidens för en generellt restriktiv transfusionsstrategi.Vid stora blödningSweden does not have a national blood authority and guidelines for blood transfusions are lacking, leading to varying routines of production and usage of blood in the different regions. The minimum quality requirements are defined in EU Directive 2002/98/EG and in the Swedish SOSFS 2009:28. The standard blood components are red blood cells, plasma and platelets, while special components such as ir

This paper represents a study of the geopolitical reasoning of the Georgian Orthodox Church (GOC) and its leader Patriarch Ilia II regarding the question of Georgia's territorial integrity. Does the GOC's territorial discourse complement or challenge Georgia's territorial nationalism? The empirical analysis of the geopolitical discourses of Patriarch Ilia II in the early 1990s and in the wake of t

We study the macroscopic dynamics of large networks of excitable type 1 neurons composed of two populations interacting with disparate but symmetric intra- and inter-population coupling strengths. This nonuniform coupling scheme facilitates symmetric equilibria, where both populations display identical firing activity, characterized by either quiescent or spiking behavior, or asymmetric equilibria

Electrical and chemical synapses shape the dynamics of neural networks, and their functional roles in information processing have been a longstanding question in neurobiology. In this paper, we investigate the role of synapses on the optimization of the phenomenon of self-induced stochastic resonance in a delayed multiplex neural network by using analytical and numerical methods. We consider a two

Onset and loss of synchronization in coupled oscillators are of fundamental importance in understanding emergent behavior in natural and man-made systems, which range from neural networks to power grids. We report on experiments with hundreds of strongly coupled photochemical relaxation oscillators that exhibit a discontinuous synchronization transition with hysteresis, as opposed to the paradigma

Many biological and neural systems can be seen as networks of interacting periodic processes. Importantly, their functionality, i.e., whether these networks can perform their function or not, depends on the emerging collective dynamics of the network. Synchrony of oscillations is one of the most prominent examples of such collective behavior and has been associated both with function and dysfuncti

Stroke affects millions each year. Poststroke brain edema predicts the severity of eventual stroke damage, yet our concept of how edema develops is incomplete and treatment options remain limited. In early stages, fluid accumulation occurs owing to a net gain of ions, widely thought to enter from the vascular compartment. Here, we used magnetic resonance imaging, radiolabeled tracers, and multipho

We investigated interactions within chimera states in a phase oscillator network with two coupled subpopulations. To quantify interactions within and between these subpopulations, we estimated the corresponding (delayed) mutual information that—in general—quantifies the capacity or the maximum rate at which information can be transferred to recover a sender's information at the receiver with a van

Kuramoto oscillators are widely used to explain collective phenomena in networks of coupled oscillatory units. We show that simple networks of two populations with a generic coupling scheme, where both coupling strengths and phase lags between and within populations are distinct, can exhibit chaotic dynamics as conjectured by Ott and Antonsen [Chaos 18, 037113 (2008)]. These chaotic mean-field dyn

Transport networks are crucial to the functioning of natural and technological systems. Nature features transport networks that are adaptive over a vast range of parameters, thus providing an impressive level of robustness in supply. Theoretical and experimental studies have found that real-world transport networks exhibit both tree-like motifs and cycles. When the network is subject to load fluct

The simplest network of coupled phase-oscillators exhibiting chimera states is given by two populations with disparate intra- and inter-population coupling strengths. We explore the effects of heterogeneous coupling phase-lags between the two populations. Such heterogeneity arises naturally in various settings, for example, as an approximation to transmission delays, excitatory-inhibitory interact