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Fluid intake and the risk of urothelial cell carcinomas in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Results from previous studies investigating the association between fluid intake and urothelial cell carcinomas (UCC) are inconsistent. We evaluated this association among 233,236 subjects in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), who had adequate baseline information on water and total fluid intake. During a mean follow-up of 9.3 years, 513 first primary UCC occu

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Giving speeches in parliament is a key element of elected representatives for signalling their policy agenda and their ideological positions to their party and their electorate. Taking a specific programmatic position might increase the chances of an MP to get re-nominated and to win again a seat in the legislature. In this paper, we build on approaches of responsive behaviour of political actors

Amyloid biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease.

Aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) into oligomers, fibrils, and plaques is central in the molecular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is the main focus of AD drug development. Biomarkers to monitor Aβ metabolism and aggregation directly in patients are important for further detailed study of the involvement of Aβ in disease pathogenesis and to monitor the biochemical effect of drugs targeti

Fostering and Sustaining Innovation in a Fast Growing Agile Company

Sustaining innovation in a fast growing software development company is difficult. As organisations grow, peoples’ focus often changes from the big picture of the product being developed to the specific role they fill. This paper presents two complementary approaches that were successfully used to support continued developer-driven innovation in a rapidly growing Australian agile software developm

Adsorption of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by willow wood biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures

Adsorption of DNA by biochars was investigated in the present study. Biochars were produced from air-dried willow wood chips at 300, 400, 500, and 600 A degrees C under limited oxygen supply. The resulting products, referred to as BC300, BC400, BC500, and BC600, respectively, were characterized for their elemental composition, cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface areas (SSA), and micro

Influence of radiotherapy for the first tumor on aggressiveness of contralateral breast cancer

We aimed to investigate if characteristics of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) are influenced by adjuvant radiotherapy for the first breast cancer. Using information from population-based registers and medical records, we analyzed two cohorts comprising all women with CBC diagnosed >3 months after their first cancer (809 patients in Stockholm 19762005 and 750 patients in South Sweden 19772005). W

Lung tumors on multimodal radiographs derived from grating-based X-ray imaging - A feasibility study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess whether grating-based X-ray imaging may have a role in imaging of pulmonary nodules on radiographs. Materials and methods: A mouse lung containing multiple lung tumors was imaged using a small-animal scanner with a conventional X-ray source and a grating interferometer for phase-contrast imaging. We qualitatively compared the signal characteristics

Extensive changes in the transcriptional profile of human adipose tissue including genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation after a six months exercise intervention.

Adipose tissue has an important function in total energy homeostasis and its dysregulation may contribute to life-style related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate genome-wide mRNA expression in adipose tissue in healthy men before and after an exercise intervention to identify genes or pathways that mediate the beneficial

An evaluation of memory accuracy in food hoarding marsh tits Poecile palustris - how accurate are they compared to humans?

Laboratory studies of scatter hoarding birds have become a model system for spatial memory studies. Considering that such birds are known to have a good spatial memory, recovery success in lab studies seems low. In parids (titmice and chickadees) typically ranging between 25 and 60% if five seeds are cached in 50-128 available caching sites. Since these birds store many thousands of food items in

Tracking parental attitudes on vaccination across European countries: The Vaccine Safety, Attitudes, Training and Communication Project (VACSATC)

The paper presents the first results from the European project VACSATC which aimed to track parental attitudes on vaccinations across several European countries. We compared five cross-sectional surveys of parents with children less than 3 years of age in England, Norway, Poland, Spain and Sweden carried out during 2008-2009. Data were collected from 6611 respondents. Two countries used face-to fa

Mechanical compression during repeated sustained isometric muscle contractions and hyperemic recovery in healthy young males.

An elevated intramuscular pressure during a single forearm isometric muscle contraction may restrict muscle hyperemia. However, during repeated isometric exercise, it is unclear to what extent mechanical compression and muscle vasodilatation contribute to the magnitude and time course of beat-to-beat limb hemodynamics, due to alterations in leg vascular conductance (LVC).

Recombinant pyranose dehydrogenase-A versatile enzyme possessing both mediated and direct electron transfer

The catalytical properties of glycosylated pyranose dehydrogenase (gPDH) and deglycosylated PDH (dgPDH) from Agaricus meleagris recombinantly expressed in Pichia pastoris were studied. Both gPDH and dgPDH were "wired" to an osmium redox polymer on graphite electrodes mounted in a flow-injection system. The current from oxidation of glucose by immobilised gPDH and dgPDH was compared using flow inje

Synthesizing greenhouse gas fluxes across nine European peatlands and shrublands - responses to climatic and environmental changes

In this study, we compare annual fluxes of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and soil respiratory carbon dioxide (CO2) measured at nine European peatlands (n = 4) and shrublands (n = 5). The sites range from northern Sweden to Spain, covering a span in mean annual air temperature from 0 to 16 degrees C, and in annual precipitation from 300 to 1300 mm yr(-1). The effects of climate change, includi

delta C-13 chemostratigraphy in the upper Tremadocian through lower Katian (Ordovician) carbonate succession of the Siljan district, central Sweden

Based on delta C-13 data from two drillcores recovered from the Siljan district, we present a first continuous carbon isotope record of the upper Tremadocian-lower Katian limestone succession of central Sweden. New names for some isotopic carbon excursions from the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary through the basal Darriwilian are introduced. The Mora 001 core from the western part of the Siljan impac

4D dosimetry and its applications to pre-treatment quality control and real-time in vivo dosimetry of VMAT treatments

In this study, a 4D dosimetry concept was developed. This concept included a method for calculation of 3D reference absorbed dose matrices at every control point of the delivery using a clinical treatment planning system (TPS). Further, the gamma evaluation method was extended to incorporate the 4th dimension of the TPS calculated dose distributions. The applications of the 4D dosimetry concept on