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Diffusion MRI has been proposed as a non-invasive technique for axonal diameter mapping. However, accurate estimation of small diameters requires strong gradients, which is a challenge for the transition of the technique from preclinical to clinical MRI scanners, since these have weaker gradients. In this work, we develop a framework to estimate the lower bound for accurate diameter estimation, wh

The proteasome-inhibitor bortezomib was introduced into the treatment of multiple myeloma more than a decade ago. It is clinically beneficial, but peripheral neuropathy (PNP) is a side effect that may limit its use in some patients. To examine the possible genetic predisposing factors to PNP, we performed a genome-wide association study on 646 bortezomib-treated German multiple myeloma patients. O

Context: Recent whole genome mRNA expression profiling studies revealed that bladder cancers can be grouped into molecular subtypes, some of which share clinical properties and gene expression patterns with the intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer and the molecular subtypes found in other solid tumors. The molecular subtypes in other solid tumors are enriched with specific mutations and copy number

Recent studies have uncovered thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human pancreatic β cells. β cell lncRNAs are often cell type specific and exhibit dynamic regulation during differentiation or upon changing glucose concentrations. Although these features hint at a role of lncRNAs in β cell gene regulation and diabetes, the function of β cell lncRNAs remains largely unknown. In this stud

Introduction: The cesarean rates are low but increasing in most Nordic countries. Using the Robson classification, we analyzed which obstetric groups have contributed to the changes in the cesarean rates. Material and methods: Retrospective population-based registry study including all deliveries (3 398 586) between 2000 and 2011 in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The Robson group di

Predatory arthropods contribute to biological control, but to become an integral part of agricultural management, it is essential to identify drivers of their spatio-temporal distribution at the landscape scale. This study focuses on how agricultural land use affects the community composition, emergence and dispersal tendency of predatory arthropods. The arthropods were collected in emergence trap

During the design and construction of house walls, certain factors such as building materials and external climatic conditions, which are essentials and influence in human comfort, are generally ignored. The rice husk is one of the most common organic wastes generated around the word, and in Ecuador this is not an exception. The aim of this work is to study the feasibility of using a mortar which

Background: The enormous potential of complex data files generated by 10-color flow cytometry (FC) is hindered by the requirement for exhaustive manual gating and the complexity of multidimensional data visualization. We propose a model using radar plots (RPs), to improve FC data visualization by capturing multidimensionality and integration of FC findings. Method: We analysed 12 normal/reactive b

The population of patients with moderate and severe CKD is growing. Frail and older patients comprise an increasing proportion. Many studies still exclude this group, so the evidence base is limited. In 2013 the advisory board of ERBP initiated, in collaboration with European Union of Geriatric Medicine Societies (EUGMS), the development of a guideline on the management of older patients with CKD

The new species Eilifdahlia schwarzii F. Schumm & S. Y. Kondr. is described. It differs from the more common southern Australian E. dahlii (Elix, S. Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, Elix, A. Thell, J. Kim, A. S. Kondr. & J.-S. Hur in having a poorly developed whitish thallus, bright yellow to bright yellow-orange apothecia, with a persistent glossy margin, a proper excip

We used comparative studies to investigate how and why floral and bee fragrances evolve, including courtship odors collected by male Euglossa mixta to form their tibial bouquet, on Coiba Island and other Panama forests. Fragrances of four orchid genera, two used extensively by E. mixta - Coryanthes and Mormodes - and two never used, Clowesia and Catasetum - were also analyzed. From among 636 chemi

Revised information on the morphology, chemistry and distribution of species of Parmelia s. str. in Fennoscandia is presented. Although Parmelia ernstiae was earlier believed to be chemically distinct from P. serrana in terms of lobaric acid, its presence in all studied samples detected by TLC means that these two semi-cryptic species can no longer be chemically separated. All three species are in

In spark assisted homogeneous charge compression ignition (SACI) engines a premixed flame is first established; the propagating flame results in compression heating of the end gas and finally auto-ignition of the gas. Two dimensional direct numerical simulation (2D DNS) and one dimensional (1D) detailed simulations of flame/spontaneous ignition interaction in a lean hydrogen/air mixture under a co

This paper reports on studies of cellular instability of lean hydrogen/air laminar premixed flames with an equivalence ratio of 0.6 at a 5 atm and a 25 atm pressure. Numerical simulations employing a detailed chemical kinetics mechanism and detailed transport properties are carried out to simulate the initial linear growth of instability as well as the nonlinear evolution of flames. At the initial

To search for an S = -1 di-baryonic state which decays toΛp, the 3He(K-,Λp)nmissing reaction was studied at 1.0 GeV/c. Unobserved neutrons were kinematically identified from the missing mass MX of the 3He (K-,Λp) X reaction in order to have a large acceptance for the Λpn final state. The observed Λpn events, distributed widely over the kinematically allowed region of the Dalitz plot, establish tha

This paper introduces means for fatigue damage rates estimation using Laplace distributed multiaxial loads. The model is suitable for description of stresses containing transients of random amplitudes and locations. Explicit formulas for computing the expected value of rainflow damage index as a function of excess kurtosis are given for correlated loads. A Laplace model is used to describe variabi