The outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza of the H5N1 subtype in Asia, which has subsequently spread to Russia, the Middle East, Europe, and Africa, has put increased focus on the role of wild birds in the persistence of influenza viruses. The ecology, epidemiology, genetics, and evolution of pathogens cannot be fully understood without taking into account the ecology of their hosts. Here,

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Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingens syfte är att undersöka energianvändningen och miljöpåverkan från bostäder. Sju autentiska byggnader byggda under 1990-talet i Sverige har studerats. De är analyserade med avseende på energianvändningen och miljöpåverkan under deras livscykel: tillverkning av byggnadsmaterial, transport av byggnadsmaterial och -komponenter till byggarbetsplats, uppförande, The objective of this thesis is to investigate the energy use and environmental impact of residential buildings. Seven authentic buildings built in the 1990s in Sweden are investigated. They are analysed according to energy use and environmental impact during their life cycle: manufacture of building materials, transport of building materials and components to the building site, erection to a buil

In this paper the first resonant photoemission and partial electron yield studies of free clusters are presented. The resonant photoemission spectra of free argon clusters have been recorded with excitation energies determined from the cluster X-ray absorption spectrum near the Ar 2p ionization threshold. The decay of 2p(-1)4s and 2p(-1)3d cluster surface and "bulk" excited states has been investi

I rapporten presenteras mätningarn, som har gjorts under perioden december 1987 till april 1988, av Nox-halten i luften i omgivningen av avgasutsläpp från en naturgaseldad villapanna. Bl.a. redovisas hur olika vindhastigheter och vindriktningar inverkar på Nox-halten i pannans omgivning.

Day care is currently a common way of providing treatment for minor and average paediatric surgical procedures. The purpose of this study was to assess possible benefits of increasing parental involvement in the care of operated children in a day-care surgery unit. By giving parents information and education about post-operative care, the goal was to facilitate recovery and minimize time spent in

Avian sex determination is chromosomal; however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood. There is no conclusive evidence for either of two proposed mechanisms: a dominant genetic switch or a dosage mechanism. No dominant sex-determining gene on the female-specific W chromosome has been found. Birds lack inactivation of one of the Z chromosomes in males, but seem to compensate for a doubl

The opening article of this issue is intended to provide a review of some relevant topics of the mathematical theory of water waves that have recently received considerable attention in the research literature. We also provide a brief discussion about the content and contribution of the articles that make up this issue.

A comparison is made between the development trends experience over the last decades by the steel and papermaking industries, respectively. These two industrial branches, although totally different in their technical nature, are subject to similar pressures from their external environment, notably increasing requirements for environmental protection and more efficient raw material management. Such

Proteins interacting with the human PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) b-receptor were isolated using immobilized peptides derived from the receptor C-terminus as a bait. We identified two PDZ domain proteins, namely NHERF (Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor, also called EBP50) and NHERF2 (E3KARP, SIP-1, TKA-1), which have been shown previously to associate with the murine PDGF receptor [Maudsl

Quantum chemical calculations, based on multiconfigurational wave functions and including relativistic effects, show that the U-2(2+) system has a large number of low-lying electronic states with S of 0 to 2 and Lambda ranging from zero to ten. These states share a very small bond length of about 2.30 angstrom, compared to 2.43 angstrom in neutral U-2. The Coulomb explosion to 2 U+ lowers the ener