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The interaction of light with multiple red blood cells was systematically investigated by the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD). The simulations showed that the lateral multiple scattering between red blood cells is very weak and that the polarization has an almost insignificant influence on the distribution of the scattered light. The numerical results of the FDTD method were compared w
The non-associated plasticity model is utilized to simulate a three dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis on sand. The model is a three-dimensional generalization of the Cam-Clay model with yield- and flow potential functions expressed in a common format, but with different shapes and hardening rule depending on both the shear and volumetric stains, which enables modelling of dilation. The
The production of ethyl esters (EE) from ethanol and cod-liver oil by an immobilised lipase in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) is described. This reaction results in a complex mixture of lipid components consisting of triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides and ethyl esters. The primary goal has been to carry out enzymatic reaction and product separation simultaneously, by selectively ext
In this paper we address the problem of routing optimization in IP networks. We assume that traffic is routed along the shortest paths computed with respect to administrative link metrics. Metrics are distributed in a network by open shortest path first (OSPF) or a similar routing protocol. If it happens that the shortest path is not unique then equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) load balancing principl
Popular Abstract in Swedish För att förstå på vilket sätt viktiga pollinerande insekter påverkas av det omgivande landskapets struktur och innehåll, har jag studerat populationer av humlor (fam. Bombus). Jag har också gjort en analys av sambandet mellan jordbruksintensitet of landskapets komplexitet. Mina studier har utförst i Skåne och jag har valt studieområden bl.a. baserat på hur stora åkrar oTo investigate recent declines in bumblebee populations, I carried out landscape analyses, made field studies of bumblebees, flowering plants and pollination in an agricultural region in southernmost Sweden. Studies were carried out in landscapes of contrasting agricultural intensity and land-cover configuration; "simple" landscapes highly dominated by large crop fields, and "complex" with mixed f
Pancreas transplantation is today a technically successful procedure and provides an alternative to insulin injections for the treatment of Type I diabetes mellitus. This thesis was undertaken while pancreas transplantation was developing and while several fundamental questions were being asked about both endocrine and exocrine drainage of the transplanted pancreas as well as how best to diagnose
The Swedish National Road Administration SNRA is responsible for the long term de-velopment of the road transport system, and spends large sums on road construction and 'operation and maintenance'. Improvements in efficiency which are small in per-centage terms therefore yield relatively large monetary effects. In order to create and maintain a strong and competitive road construction sector and a
Biodegradation is becoming an attractive mode of operation for eliminating toxic chemicals released from industrial processes or already present in the environment. One needs, however, not only to identify organisms capable of degrading such chemicals, but also to address the issue of whether these chemicals, after being degraded, will be toxic to the degrading organisms if present in high concent
Popular Abstract in English Popular Science Abstract In our daily routines, we use products and come across applications that involve mixtures of polymers and small amphiphilic molecules in water, for example detergents, pharmaceutics, foodstuffs, shampoos and paints. Polymers are very large molecules formed by smaller units that are repeated and connected. Amphiphilic molecules contain both one pThe research described in this thesis aims to understand the interactions between cationic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers and small oppositely charged amphiphiles at the solid-liquid and air-liquid interfaces in relation to the bulk solution behavior. There is high interest in PAMAM dendrimers because they are well-defined polymers with a hierarchical architecture which makes them promising m
Boken innehåller en bred skildring av Ernst Jünger och hans närmaste vänkrets under slutfasen av Weimar-republiken. Bland de arbeten av Jünger som diskuteras återfinns "Das abenteuerliche Herz" (1929, "Die totale Mobilmachung" (1930) och "Der Arbeiter" (1932). Till persongalleriet hör Carl Schmitt, Ernst Niekisch, Friedrich Georg Jünger, Friedrich Hielscher med flera. Historien om Ernst Jünger och
The fundamental limits of the gain, efficiency and Q-value of an antenna put severe restrictions on small antennas. In this paper it is discussed how one can avoid low efficiency and high Q-values in small antennas by examining the far-field pattern of the antenna. The analysis is based on the expansion of the electromagnetic fields in terms of vector spherical harmonics. © 2007 IEEE.
