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Solitons, vortices and shell structure in ultracold atomic quantum systems

This dissertation deals with finite-size effects in a few different quantum many-body phenomena in ultracold atomic systems. The finite-sized systems were simulated numerically using both mean-field methods and methods beyond mean-field, e.g. quadratic configuration interaction and exact diagonalization. The thesis is based on five scientific papers:Paper I is about the finite-size effects in the

Impact of Changes to the Atmospheric Soluble Iron Deposition Flux on Ocean Biogeochemical Cycles in the Anthropocene

Iron can be a growth‐limiting nutrient for phytoplankton, modifying rates of net primary production, nitrogen fixation, and carbon export ‐ highlighting the importance of new iron inputs from the atmosphere. The bioavailable iron fraction depends on the emission source and the dissolution during transport. The impacts of anthropogenic combustion and land use change on emissions from industrial, do

Dystonia in children and adolescents : A systematic review and a new diagnostic algorithm

Early aetiological diagnosis is of paramount importance for childhood dystonia because some of the possible underlying conditions are treatable. Numerous genetic and non-genetic causes have been reported, and diagnostic workup is often challenging, time consuming and costly. Recently, a paradigm shift has occurred in molecular genetic diagnostics, with next-generation sequencing techniques now all

Det bräckliga förtroendet – om Försäkringskassans bemötande av smärtpatienter

Försäkringskassan är den myndighet som administrerar huvuddelen den svenska socialförsäkringen. Medborgarnas förtroende för myndigheten har i olika mätningar visat sig vara lågt. Syftet med den här studien är att fördjupa förståelsen och kunskapen om Försäkringskassan förtroendesiffror genom att undersöka hur smärtdrabbade individer upplever mötet med myndigheten. Smärtdrabbade individer har som g

Peasant aristocrats? Wealth, social status and the politics of Swedish farmer parliamentarians 1769–1895

Sweden was unique in early modern Europe, in that its parliament included a peasant farmer estate. It is commonplace in Swedish and international research to consider the peasant farmer politicians as guarantors of a liberal and egalitarian path of development. In the Swedish-language literature on political history, these people are often seen as rather narrow-minded, their common political progr

Resilient habitability of nearby exoplanet systems

We investigate the possibility of finding Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of 34 nearby FGK-dwarfs, each known to host one giant planet exterior to their habitable zone detected by RV. First we simulate the dynamics of the planetary systems in their present day configurations and determine the fraction of stable planetary orbits within their habitable zones. Then, we postulate that the ecc

It's a trap! on the nature of localised states and charge trapping in lead halide perovskites

The recent surge of scientific interest for lead halide perovskite semiconductors and optoelectronic devices has seen a mix of materials science sub-fields converge on the same "magical" crystal structure. However, this has ultimately shaped some ambiguity in the definitions shared between researchers across different research areas. For example, scientists aiming to decipher the nature of localiz

Isospin-violating contributions to ∈/∈

The known isospin-breaking contributions to the K → ππ amplitudes are reanalyzed, taking into account our current understanding of the quark masses and the relevant non-perturbative inputs. We present a complete numerical reappraisal of the direct CP-violating ratio ∈′/∈, where these corrections play a quite significant role. We obtain the Standard Model prediction Re (∈′/∈) = (14 ± 5) · 10−4, whi

Studies of J/ψ production at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

The inclusive J/ψ production in Pb–Pb collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN = 5.02 TeV, measured with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC, is reported. The J/ψ meson is reconstructed via the dimuon decay channel at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) down to zero transverse momentum. The suppression of the J/ψ yield in Pb–Pb collisions with respect to binary-scaled pp collisions i

CSA-90 reduces periprosthetic joint infection in a novel rat model challenged with local and systemic Staphylococcus aureus

Infection of orthopedic implants is a growing clinical challenge to manage due to the proliferation of drug-resistant bacterial strains. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the treatment of implants with ceragenin-90 (CSA-90), a synthetic compound based on endogenous antibacterial peptides, could prevent infection in a novel rat model of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) challenged w

Measurement of differential cross sections for single diffractive dissociation in √s = 8 TeV pp collisions using the ATLAS ALFA spectrometer

A dedicated sample of Large Hadron Collider proton-proton collision data at centre-of-mass energy s = 8 TeV is used to study inclusive single diffractive dissociation, pp → X p. The intact final-state proton is reconstructed in the ATLAS ALFA forward spectrometer, while charged particles from the dissociated system X are measured in the central detector components. The fiducial range of the measur

Global patterns of terrestrial nitrogen and phosphorus limitation

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) limitation constrains the magnitude of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to elevated carbon dioxide and climate change. However, global maps of nutrient limitation are still lacking. Here we examined global N and P limitation using the ratio of site-averaged leaf N and P resorption efficiencies of the dominant species across 171 sites. We evaluated our predictio

Novel molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial and kidney dysfunction in diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic disease that is associated with devastating complications. Central to the development of diabetic macro-and microvascular disease is endothelial dysfunction, which appears well before any clinical sign, but importantly, is potentially reversible. We previously demonstrated that hyperglycemia activates the Ca2+/calcineurin transcription factor NFAT in conduit and medium-sized

Fast-Response Sprinkler Technology : Hsiang-Cheng Kung, Gunnar Heskestad, Robert Bill, Roger Allard: The 2019 Phillip J. DiNenno Prize

The National Fire Protection Association has recognized fast-response sprinkler technology, developed and promulgated by Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC, now FM Global), with its 2019 Phillip J. DiNenno Prize. This technology was the result of three innovative efforts that produced Response-Time Index (RTI), quick-response (QR) residential sprinklers, and the Early Suppression, Fast Resp