The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of intratumoural microvessel density in breast cancer. We studied immunohistochemically primary tumours of 104 patients with metastasised breast cancer who took part in a randomised multicentre trial comparing docetaxel to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil. Vessels were highlighted with factor VIII staining and counted microscopic

The 10 analogous bis-xylosylated dihydroxynaphthalenes have been synthesized and their chemical and biological properties investigated. The yield of the xylosylation reactions can be correlated to the electrostatic potential, and thus to the nucleophilicity, for the oxygen atoms of the dihydroxynaphthalenes. The bis-xylosylated compounds were more stable compared to the mono-xylosylated ones. They

The bifunctional dCTP deaminase-dUTPase (DCD-DUT) from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii catalyzes the deamination of the cytosine moiety in dCTP and the hydrolysis of the triphosphate moiety forming dUMP, thereby preventing uracil from being incorporated into DNA. The crystal structure of DCD-DUT has been determined to 1.88-Å resolution and represents the first known structure of an enzyme catalyzing

Since capital needs are high when investing in Renewable Energy Technologies (RET), well adapted financial schemes are essential, including well fitted financial support. Supporting the dissemination of RET means supporting people, not technologies. Though, support mechanism have to be adapted to people not to technologies. A recent study for the European Parliament compares support mechanisms for

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with a high risk of sudden cardiac death (SCID). Most frequently SCID occurs in patients with NYHA class II and III. Aim: To evaluate the influence of prolonged carvedilol therapy on SCID risk in CHF patients. Methods: The study included 86 patients (81 men and 5 women) aged 56.8 +/- 9.19 (35-70) years with CHF in NYHA class II and III receivin

The angiotensin II-induced vasodilatation was evaluated in rat middle cerebral artery, especially regarding endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factor (EDHF), by use of a pressurised arteriograph. The angiotensin II dilatation was partly antagonised by inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase and cyclo-oxygenase. The remaining dilatation was inhibited by the potassium channel blockers, charybdotoxin an

This study was directed towards personality-related, value system and sociodemographic variables of nursing students in a situation of change, using a longitudinal perspective to measure their improvement in principle-based moral judgement (Kohlberg; Rest) as possible predictors of stress. Three subgroups of students were included from the commencement of the first three-year academic nursing prog

Purpose : To study how patients with fibromyalgia (FM) experienced physiotherapy group treatment comprising pool exercise and education. Method : Nineteen patients with FM were interviewed and the transcribed interviews were analysed using a phenomenological life-world approach. The participants' mean age was 45 years and their mean symptom duration was 10 years. Results : Physiotherapy group trea

A new amperometric biosensor for ethanol, based on carbon paste electrode modified with alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), polyethylenimine (PEI) and using a phenothiazine derivative (DDDP; 16H,18H-dibenzo[c,1]7,9-dithia-16,18-diazapentacene) as redox mediator for NADH recycling, was developed. The biosensor response is the result of mediated oxidation of NADH, generated in the enzymatic reaction betwee

Objectives: To estimate the dietary intakes of heterocyclic amines (HCAs), to examine the intakes in relation to socio-economics, lifestyle and other dietary factors and to compare the classification of subjects by intake of HCA versus intake of meat and fish. Design: Cross-sectional analysis within the Malmo Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort. Data were obtained from a modified diet history, a structur

The Prototype Repository, at the Aspo HRL (Hard Rock Laboratory), is a demonstration project for the deposition of spent nuclear fuel, and provides a full-scale reference for testing predictive models relating to a spent nuclear fuel repository, both its individual components as well as the complete system. The final layout involves six deposition holes, four in an inner section and two in an oute

Recent progress in studies of animal flight mechanics is reviewed. A range of birds, and now bats, has been studied in wind tunnel facilities, revealing an array of wake patterns caused by the beating wings and also by the drag on the body. Nevertheless, the quantitative analysis of these complex wake structures shows a degree of similarity among all the different wake patterns and a close agreeme

Abstract in UndeterminedA small assemblage of clitellate annelid cocoons (egg cases) is described from the Early Jurassic Marburg Subgroup, Clarence-Moreton Basin, eastern Australia. Two complete specimens are preserved on bedding planes, and numerous fragments were recovered from organic residues prepared for mesofossil analysis. The complete specimens are assigned to Burejospermum Krassilov emen

A total of 282 renal scintigrams with Tc-99m DMSA in 238 children ranging in age from 10 days to 13 years performed during a 3-year period were reviewed. The authors present 94 kidneys in 85 children in whom no sign of pathology was demonstrated clinically, either by ultrasound or intravenous urography, or by micturating urethrocystography. By exploring homogeneity or heterogeneity of tracer distr

During the last 50 years, the distribution and abundance of many European butterfly species associated with semi-natural grasslands have declined. This may be the result of deteriorating habitat quality, but habitat loss, resulting in decreasing area and increasing isolation of remaining habitat, is also predicted to result in reduced species richness. To investigate the effects of habitat loss on

In this study we wanted to examine how an adult neuroretina from an animal with an eye similar to the human one survives in vitro. We also wanted to investigate how the culture process affects the adult retina when used in a transplantation paradigm. Full-thickness neuroretinal sheets from adult porcine eyes were dissected into pieces measuring 3 mm in diameter. These were kept in culture for 1-3

The 3-ethoxycarbonyl-4-quinolone compound I has previously been identified via a database search as an interesting lead compound for ligand binding at the benzodiazepine site of GABA(A) receptors (Kahnberg et al. J. Mol. Graphics Modelling 2004, 23, 253-261). Pharmacophore-guided optimization of this lead compound yielded a number of high-affinity ligands for the benzodiazepine site including comp

The media landscape and its societal significance is in rapid transition; likewise basic features of democracy are changing. In this article we pursue these two strands in order to sketch the background to a need for a new research agenda, as well as to arrive at proposals regarding the directions that such research can take. In regard to democracy our emphasis is on the dimension of participation