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Orally administered Odoribacter laneus improves glucose control and inflammatory profile in obese mice by depleting circulating succinate

Background: Succinate is produced by both human cells and by gut bacteria and couples metabolism to inflammation as an extracellular signaling transducer. Circulating succinate is elevated in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes and is linked to numerous complications, yet no studies have specifically addressed the contribution of gut microbiota to systemic succinate or explored the consequen

Emulsion-Based Postbiotic Formulation Is Comparable to Viable Cells in Eliciting a Localized Immune Response in Dairy Cows With Chronic Mastitis

Bovine mastitis is a disease with a multi-etiological nature, defined as an infection and inflammation of the udder. Mastitis represents a significant ongoing concern in the dairy industry, leading to substantial losses in profits and revenue for farmers worldwide. The predominant causes of bovine mastitis include the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberi

The human milk microbiome aligns with lactation stage and not birth mode

We analysed the human milk microbiome in a cohort of 80 lactating women and followed the dynamics in taxa over the course of lactation from birth to 6 months. Two hundred and thirty one milk samples were collected from full-term lactating women at 1, 4, 8 and 24 weeks following birth and analysed for microbiota composition using 16S rRNA sequencing. A significant decrease in milk microbiota divers

Microbial cross-feeding promotes multiple stable states and species coexistence, but also susceptibility to cheaters

Mutualism, interspecific cooperation that yields reciprocal benefits, can promote species coexistence, enhancing biodiversity. As a specific form of mutualism, cross-feeding, where each of two mutualists produces a resource the other one needs, has been broadly studied. However, few theoretical studies have examined competition between cross-feeding mutualists and cheaters, who do not synthesize r

Continuous selection pressure to improve temperature acclimation of Tisochrysis lutea

Temperature plays a key role in outdoor industrial cultivation of microalgae. Improving the thermal tolerance of microalgae to both daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations can thus contribute to increase their annual productivity. A long term selection experiment was carried out to increase the thermal niche (temperature range for which the growth is possible) of a neutral lipid overproducing

Modeling the temperature effect on the specific growth rate of phytoplankton : a review

Phytoplankton are key components of ecosystems. Their growth is deeply influenced by temperature. In a context of global change, it is important to precisely estimate the impact of temperature on these organisms at different spatial and temporal scales. Here, we review the existing deterministic models used to represent the effect of temperature on microbial growth that can be applied to phytoplan

Modelling the dynamics of carbon-nitrogen metabolism in the unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium Crocosphaera watsonii WH8501, under variable light regimes

A dynamical model is proposed that describes the daily dynamics of diazotrophy in a unicellular cyanobacterium, Crocosphaera watsonii WH8501, in regard to light limitation and obligate diazotrophy. In this model, intracellular carbon and nitrogen are both divided into a functional pool and a storage pool. An internal pool that explicitly describes the nitrogenase enzyme is also added. The various

Bioreactor for the selection of microalgae

The invention relates to a bioreactor comprising a tank (100) capable of being operated for a working period, said tank (100) being intended to receive a culture medium comprising a cellular culture of photosynthetic microorganisms, a light source (200) arranged to emit incident light having a chosen incoming light intensity (Iin) in the direction of the tank, a temperature probe (400) for measuri

Streptolysin O accelerates the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a human-specific bacterial pathogen that can exploit the plasminogen-plasmin fibrinolysis system to dismantle blood clots and facilitate its spread and survival within the human host. In this study, we use affinity-enrichment mass spectrometry to decipher the host-pathogen protein-protein interaction between plasminogen and streptolysin O, a key cytolytic toxin produ

Offentlighetsprincipen : Lagstiftarens avvägningar mellan handlingsoffentlighet och sekretess 1809-1980

Sweden was the first country in the world to introduce rules on transparency in public activities - the principle of public access to official records was introduced as early as 1766 as part of the Freedom of the Press Act of 1766. This legislation, which was unique at the time, has since meant that Sweden has had public access to official records and transparency as the main rule for public activSweden was the first country in the world to introduce rules on transparency in public activities - the principle of public access to official records was introduced as early as 1766 as part of the Freedom of the Press Act of 1766. This legislation, which was unique at the time, has since meant that Sweden has had public access to official records and transparency as the main rule for public activ

Custom Non-Linear Model Predictive Control for Obstacle Avoidance in Indoor and Outdoor Environments

Navigating complex environments requires Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and autonomous systems to perform trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance in realtime. While many control strategies have effectively utilized linear approximations, addressing the non-linear dynamics of UAV, especially in obstacle-dense environments, remains a key challenge that requires further research. This paper intro

Accelerated Deep Reinforcement Learning for Fast Feedback of Beam Dynamics at KARA

Coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) is generated when the electron bunch length is in the order of the magnitude of the wavelength of the emitted radiation. The self-interaction of short electron bunches with their own electromagnetic fields changes the longitudinal beam dynamics significantly. Above a certain current threshold, the micro-bunching instability develops, characterized by the appear

Asymmetric influence of the amplitude-dependent tune shift on the transverse mode-coupling instability

At the 3 GeV ring of the MAX IV Laboratory, a fourth-generation ring-based synchrotron light source, an asymmetric influence of the sign of the amplitude-dependent tune shift (ADTS) on the transverse mode-coupling instability has been observed. Measurements of the instability, in dedicated single-bunch experiments at low chromaticity, revealed a significant dependence of the dynamics of the instab

Studies of the micro-bunching instability in multi-bunch operation at the ANKA storage ring

The test facility and synchrotron light source ANKA at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) operates in the energy range from 0.5 to 2.5 GeV and can generate brilliant coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in the THz range employing a dedicated bunch length-reducing optic at 1.3 GeV beam energy. The high degree of spatial compression leads to complex longitudinal dynamics and to time evolvin

Online studies of THz-radiation in the bursting regime at ANKA

The ANKA storage ring of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) operates in the energy range from 0.5 to 2.5 GeV and generates brilliant coherent synchrotron radiation in the THz range with a dedicated bunch length reducing optic. The producing of radiation in the so-called THz-gap is challenging, but this intense THz radiation is very attractive for certain user experiments. The high degree

Studies of the Micro-Bunching Instability in the Presence of a Damping Wiggler

At the KIT storage ring KARA (KArlsruhe Research Accelerator), the momentum compaction factor can be reduced leading to natural bunch lengths in the ps range. Due to the high degree of longitudinal compression, the micro-bunching instability arises. During this longitudinal instability, the bunches emit bursts of intense coherent synchrotron radiation in the THz frequency range caused by the compl

Systematic studies of the microbunching instability at very low bunch charges

At KARA, the Karlsruhe Research Accelerator of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology synchrotron, the so-called short-bunch operation mode allows the reduction of the bunch length down to a few picoseconds. The microbunching instability resulting from the high degree of longitudinal compression leads to fluctuations in the emitted terahertz radiation, referred to as bursting. For extremely compres

Systematic studies of short bunch-length bursting at ANKA

At ANKA, the Karlsruhe synchrotron radiation source, the so called short bunch-length operation mode allows the reduction of the bunch length down to a few picoseconds. The micro-bunching instability resulting from the high degree of longitudinal compression leads to fluctuations in the emitted intensity in the THz regime, referred to as bursting. For extremely compressed bunches at ANKA bursting