Den svenska nationella lönebildningen kännetecknas av att det är arbetsmarknadens parter som reglerar villkoren för lönesättningen med kollektivavtalet som främsta regleringsinstrument. Utmärkande är en individuell lönesättningsmetod baserad på arbetstagarens prestation och förmåga. Inom ramen för EU-samarbetet har löneförhållanden länge betraktats som en fråga förbehållen medlemsstaterna. Detta kThe Swedish national wage formation is characterized by the fact that it is the social partners who regulate the conditions for wage setting, with the collective agreement as the primary regulatory instrument. Distinctive is an individual wage-setting method based on the employee’s performance and ability. Within the framework of the EU cooperation, wage conditions have long been considered as a m

Although current Hg emissions from industrial activities may be accurately monitored, evidence of past releases to the atmosphere must rely on one or more environmental proxies. We used Hg concentrations in tree cores collected from poplars and willows to investigate the historical changes of Hg emissions from a dredged sediment landfill and compared them to a nearby control location. Our results

Understanding the post-senescent fate of fungal mycelium is critical to accurately quantifying forest carbon and nutrient cycling, but how this organic matter source decomposes in wood remains poorly studied. In this study, we compared the decomposition of dead fungal biomass (a.k.a. necromass) of two species, Mortierella elongata and Meliniomyces bicolor, in paired wood and soil plots in a boreal

Denna studie undersöker hur missbruk påverkar vilken sorts hjälp en person som utsätts för våld i nära relationer har tillgång till. Uppsatsens forskning fokuserar därför på sambandet mellan missbruk och partnervåld för att få en uppfattning om vilka behov våldsutsatta kvinnor med missbruk har för att bäst förstå hur dessa kan bemötas. En kvalitativ ansats användes för att kunna göra en tematisk a

Sveriges våldsutveckling har väckt debatt om införandet av säkerhetszoner som brottsförebyggande åtgärd. Lagstiftningen trädde i kraft den 25 april 2024 och ger polisen befogenhet att genomföra visitationer och husrannsakan i transportmedel utan att det behövs en konkret brottsmisstanke. Denna studie ämnar att undersöka hur poliser i Malmö, Göteborg och Stockholm resonerar kring vilka fördelar res

Föreliggande studie har avsett undersöka hur den sexuella tillfredsställelsen upplevs i långvariga relationer som en del av ett större forskningsprojekt om sexuell hälsa vid Lunds universitet. 11 deltagare i långvariga relationer (medellängd = 17 år) har intervjuats med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades med reflexiv tematisk analys och kritisk realistisk aThis study aimed to investigate how sexual satisfaction is experienced in long-term relationships, as a part of a larger research project about sexual health at Lund University. 11 participants in long-term relationships (average length = 17 years) were interviewed with semi-structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis and a critical realist

I denna uppsats undersöks vad det innebär att en vara säljs med ett förbehåll såsom befintligt skick, särskilt utifrån 19 § köplagen. Uppsatsen tar sikte på de rekvisit som återfinns i det första stycket 19 § köplagen, och ämnar utröna när en vara kan anses felaktig trots att den sålts med ett förbehåll så som exempelvis befintligt skick. I det första stycket i 19 § köplagen återfinns tre punkter This essay examines what it means when a product is sold in its existing condition, especially based on 19 § the sale of goods act. The essay aims at the requisites found in the first paragraph of 19 § the sale of goods act and aims to find out when a product can be considered faulty even though it was sold with a reservation such as, “as is”. In the first paragraph of 19 § the sale of goods act,

I en rapport från Brottsförebyggande rådet så framkommer skolan som en plats där många unga utsätts för brott. Idag har skolor ingen skyldighet att polisanmäla brott i skolmiljö, utan det är upp till varje rektor att avgöra om det förekommer fall där det anses vara lämpligt. Regeringen har 2024 presenterat ett förslag om att polisanmälningar bör bli obligatoriskt vid all brottslighet i skolan. Tid

In this thesis, I describe how Heads of Government can mobilise crises to foster unity among EU member states and strengthen the sense of a shared European identity. The thesis analyzed five statements by the Heads of Government in Bulgaria, Finland, Germany, Greece, and Luxembourg to gain a more profound understanding of how they strategically used the This is Europe debates to promote unity and

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka samspelet mellan den föreslagna förordningen om öppen finans (FiDA) från 2023 och EU:s dataskyddsbestämmelser, särskilt dataskyddsförordningen (GDPR). Enligt EU-kommissionens strategi för digital finans från 2020 är främjandet av datadriven finansiering en prioritet. I takt med att mängden data och digital teknikens påverkan på ekonomin ökar, blir det alltThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the interaction between the proposed Financial Data Access (FiDA) regulation from 2023 and the EU's data protection regulations, particularly the General Data Protection regulation (GDPR). According to the EU Commission's digital finance strategy from 2020, promoting data-driven finance is a priority. As the amount of data and the impact of digital

The escalating crime rate in Sweden has become a pressing social issue, prompting a critical focus on assisting young men in disengaging from criminal gangs. This study aims to explore the factors influencing young men's decisions to desist from crime and the social interventions they receive based on information from podcasts. We conducted a qualitative document analysis due to ethical concer

Recent studies have highlighted that dead fungal mycelium represents an important fraction of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) inputs and stocks. Consequently, identifying the microbial communities and the ecological factors that govern the decomposition of fungal necromass will provide critical insight into how fungal organic matter (OM) affects forest soil C and nutrient cycles. Here, we examine

Purpose: A better knowledge of how deadwood decomposes is critical for accurately characterizing carbon and nutrient cycling in forests. Fungi dominate this decomposition process, but we still have limited understanding of fungal community structuring that ultimately controls the fate of wood decomposition. This is particularly true in tropical ecosystems. To address this knowledge gap, our study

The cascade of leukocyte interactions under conditions of blood flow is well established in the systemic microcirculation, but not in lung microcirculation. We have developed a murine model to study lung microcirculation by transplanting lung tissue into dorsal skin-fold window chambers in nude mice and examining the ability of leukocytes to traffic within revascularized lung microvessels by intra

In this work we present a new method for the combination of electroweak (EW) corrections at high energies, the so-called EW Sudakov logarithms (EWSL), and next-to-leading-order QCD predictions matched to parton-shower simulations (NLO+PS). Our approach is based on a reweighting procedure of NLO+PS events. In particular, both events with and without an extra hard emission from matrix elements are c

Dead microbial cells, commonly referred to as necromass, are increasingly recognized as an important source of both persistent carbon as well as nutrient availability in soils. Studies of the microbial communities associated with decomposing fungal necromass have accumulated rapidly in recent years across a range of different terrestrial ecosystems. Here we identify the primary ecological patterns

The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops autoimmune-mediated diseases such as diabetes and Sjögren′s syndrome. To investigate whether NOD genes also promote autoimmune-mediatedarthritis we established a NOD strain with an MHC class II fragment containing the Aq class II gene predisposing for collagen induced arthritis (NOD.Q). However, this mouse was resistant to arthritis in contr

The growing demand for renewable materials and energy leads to intensified forest management practices. Therefore, combining high forest productivity and soil carbon storage capacity with lower quantities of organic matter (OM) left on the ground to decompose represents a major challenge. Although microbial communities drive processes responsible for organic carbon stabilization in soil, we have l

SVA (SINE (short interspersed nuclear element)-VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats)-Alu) retrotransposons remain active in humans and contribute to individual genetic variation. Polymorphic SVA alleles harbor gene regulatory potential and can cause genetic disease. However, how SVA insertions are controlled and functionally impact human disease is unknown. Here we dissect the epigenetic regula

In this discussion of security and democracy in the European Union two interrelated arguments are put forward about the use of normative power to address the security challenge. The article starts by discussing the European (security) Union within the context of over 15 years of European human security debates, and then reflects on the current conduct of the total war on terror as led by the USA.