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All that's mine I carry with me. Early life disease and adult health in Sweden during 250 years

The aim of this thesis is to study early life risk exposures in relation to adult health and mortality in Sweden during 250 years. A number of causal mechanisms by which exposure to diseases and stressful economic and social conditions early in life may lead to increased morbidity and mortality later in life are discussed (paper I). The early life exposures investigated are the foetal origins (nut

Identification of Candidate Gene Regions in the Rat by Co-Localization of QTLs for Bone Density, Size, Structure and Strength.

Susceptibility to osteoporotic fracture is influenced by genetic factors that can be dissected by whole-genome linkage analysis in experimental animal crosses. The aim of this study was to characterize quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for biomechanical and two-dimensional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) phenotypes in reciprocal F2 crosses between diabetic GK and normo-glycemic F344 rat strain

BRCA1-mediated repression of select X chromosome genes

Recently BRCA1 has been implicated in the regulation of gene expression from the X chromosome. In this study the influence of BRCA1 on expression of X chromosome genes was investigated. Complementary DNA microarrays were used to compare the expression levels of X chromosome genes in 18 BRCA1-associated ovarian cancers to those of the 13 "BRCA1-like" and 14 "BRCA2-like" sporadic tumors (as defined

High-order tunable sum and difference frequency mixing in the xuv region

We present a study of tunable high-order sum and difference frequency mixing in the 7-70 eV range, in xenon, argon and neon. We mix the light from a terawatt, subpicosecond titanium-sapphire laser and that from a tunable optical parametric generator. The radiation generated through mixing processes involves absorption or emission of one or Mo photons from the weak tunable source. The relative stre

The rate of screw misplacement in segmental pedicle screw fixation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Background and purpose There are no reports in the literature on the influence of learning on the pedicle screw insertion. We studied the effect of learning on the rate of screw misplacement in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated with segmental pedicle screw fixation. Method We retrospectively evaluated low-dose spine computed tomography of 116 consecutive patients (aged 16 (12-2

A relevance-theoretic account of the pragmatic marker ba in Mandarin Chinese

Abstract in Chinese 中文语用标记语"吧"的关联理论分析 Marita Ljungqvist 瑞典隆德大学 摘要 本文以关联理论为依据试图对汉语句末助词”吧”的用法进行全面的解释与分析。 结果表明,”吧” 在陈述句、疑问句与祈使句都具有类似的用法,即表示说话者面向听话者对自己表达的命题(陈述句、疑问句) 或言语行为(祈使句)之承诺。结果还表明”吧”有时同英文的像 yeah 、right 、innit 类似的所谓”tags” 的词语一样 起着鼓励听话者更积极/投入地参加会话的作用。 在这种语境里”吧”的出现表示礼貌而不一定意味着说话者要听话者回应或确认命题的真实价值。 关键词 句未助词、语用学、关联理论This paper aims to present a proposal for a relevance-theoretic description of the use of the particle ba in Mandarin Chinese. The result of the analyses of the data shows that ba is a pragmatic marker with a similar function in declaratives, interrogatives and imperatives, i.e. to indicate hearer-oriented weak commitment towards either the proposition expressed (declaratives, interrogatives) or t

The FOXO3A rs2802292 G-Allele Associates with Improved Peripheral and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity and Increased Skeletal Muscle-FOXO3A mRNA Expression in Twins.

Objective: The minor G allele of FOXO3A rs2802292 has been associated with longevity. We aimed to investigate whether a phenotype related to healthy metabolic aging could be identified in individuals carrying the longevity-associated FOXO3A rs2802292 G allele. Research Design and Methods: rs2802292 was genotyped in a phenotypically well-characterized population of young and elderly twins (n = 190)

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The aim of this thesis is to argue for the definition of the German present tense as a non-past tense. Three descriptive levels are distinguished: the semantic, the conceptual and the "level of reality" ( "Wirklichkeitsebene" ). It is assumed that there is no 1:1 correspondence between the semantic and the conceptual level. The former divides time into two temporal spheres: the past and the non-pa

Supervisory Control of Wastewater Treatment Plants by Combining Principal Component Analysis and Fuzzy C-Means Clustering

In this paper a methodology for integrated multivariate monitoring and control of biological wastewater treatment plants during extreme events is presented. To monitor the process, on-line dynamic principal component analysis (PCA) is performed on the process data to extract the principal components that represent the underlying mechanisms of the process. Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering is used to

A follow-up of cognitive performance and diurnal salivary cortisol changes in former burnout patients.

The purpose of the study was to determine whether recovery from burnout is associated with improved cognitive functioning, and whether such improvement is associated with changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and return to work. Forty-five former burnout patients were followed up after 1.5 years with a neuropsychological examination, diurnal salivary cortisol measurements,

Old genes and new genes: The evolution of the kallikrein locus.

The human kallikrein locus consists of KLK1, the gene of major tissue kallikrein, and 14 genes of kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) located in tandem on chromosome 19q13.3-13.4. In this review, based on information retrieved from the literature or extracted from genome databases, it is hypothesised that the kallikrein locus is unique to mammals. The majority of genes are highly conserved, as de