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Effects of insulin vs. glibenclamide in recently diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes: a 4-year follow-up

Aim: To compare effects of early insulin vs. glibenclamide treatment on beta-cell function, metabolic control and quality of life (QL) in recently diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Forty-nine patients with type 2 diabetes diagnosed 0-2 years before inclusion were randomized to two daily injections of premixed 30% soluble and 70% NPH insulin or glibenclamide at six diabetic clinics

Rheological Study of the Shape Transition of Block Copolymer-Nonionic Surfactant Mixed Micelles

A rheological study of mixed micelles formed by PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer P123 and nonionic surfactant C12EO6 in aqueous solutions has been carried out with the purpose of investigating the time dependence of a shape transition of the mixed micelles and characterizing the shape before and after the transition. The rheology results presented in this report give clear evidence that the P123-C12

CD40 stimulation induces Pax5/BSAP and EBF activation through a APE/ref-1-dependent redox mechanism

CD40 is a member of the growing tumor necrosis factor receptor family that has been shown to play important roles in T cell-mediated B lymphocyte activation. Ligation of B cell CD40 by CD154, mainly expressed on activated T cells, stimulates B cell proliferation, differentiation, isotype switching, up-regulation of surface molecules contributing to antigen presentation, development of the germinal

Discrepancies between estimated and perceived risk of cancer among individuals with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer

Communicating cancer risk and recommending adequate control programs is central for genetic counseling. Individuals affected by hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) are at about 80% life-time risk of colorectal cancer and for female carriers 40-60% risk of endometrial cancer and 10-15% risk of ovarian cancer. The perceived risk among mutation carriers may, however, deviate from the ri

Broad allelopathic activity in Peridinium aciculiferum (Dinophyceae)

The dinoflagellate Peridinium aciculiferum forms blooms underneath the ice in temperate lakes and has previously been shown to have an allelopathic effect on a natural competitor as well as being haemolytic. Hence, we investigated whether P. aciculiferum is allelopathic towards a wide range of different freshwater phytoplankton species. We also tested the hypothesis that nutrient (N and P) deficie

Rectification of spin-bias-induced charge currents

When a spin bias is applied to a two-terminal device, a charge current will be generated. We demonstrate the rectification of such a current by studying spin-dependent transport through a quantum point contact (QPC) modulated by a spin-orbit interaction. When the polarization orientation of the spin bias (which is the spin-quantization axis) is along the transverse direction of the QPC, the two sp

Lateral cervical nucleus projections to periaqueductal gray matter in cat

The midbrain periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) integrates the basic responses necessary for survival of individuals and species. Examples are defense behaviors such as fight, flight, and freezing, but also sexual behavior, vocalization, and micturition. To control these behaviors the PAG depends on strong input from more rostrally located limbic structures, as well as from afferent input from the l

Targeted deposition of Au aerosol nanoparticles on vertical nanowires for the creation of nanotrees

Complex tree-like nanostructures with controlled morphology are becoming increasingly important for the development of nanoscale devices. The position of branches on III-V semiconductor nanotrees is determined by the distribution of Au seed particles. Here we report the dependence of the distribution of Au aerosol nanoparticles on nanowires on parameters including distance between wires, particle

Inner city stormwater control using a combination of best management practices

Structural best management practices (BMPs) are now commonplace for stormwater management in new suburban developments; however, their installation in older central areas is limited. Here, the effect of disconnecting impervious areas from a combined sewer in favour of a new open stormwater system is investigated. The site, an inner city suburb of Malmo, Sweden, consists of council offices and apar

Dose integration characteristics in normoxic polymer gel dosimetry investigated using sequential beam irradiation

Dose integration properties were investigated for normoxic polymer gels based on methacrylic acid (nMAG) and acrylamide/ N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide (nPAG). The effect of sequential irradiation was studied for different fractionation schemes and varying amounts of methacrylic acid for the nMAG gels. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used for read out of the absorbed dose response. The investig

An Oistodus venustus-like conodont species from the Middle Ordovician of Baltoscandia

Ordovician conodont specimens resembling Oistodus venustus STAUFFER, 1935 have been reported from many areas. There is increasing evidence, however, that several lineages with homeomorphic conodont elements have erroneously been referred to one and the same species. I have investigated Baltoscandian conodont elements of this kind in order to find out about their origins and phylogenetic relationsh

Probing the valence character of O-1s -> Rydberg excited O-2 by participator Auger decay measurements and partial ion yield spectroscopy following x-ray absorption

The valence character of O 1s -> Rydberg excited O-2 is investigated by means of participator Auger decay spectroscopy, performed at selected photon energies across the K-shell resonance region, and by means of partial ion yield x-ray absorption spectroscopy. For several of the excitation energies studied, the authors find substantial sigma(*)((4)Sigma(-)(u),(2)Sigma(-)(u)) valence character being

Deficiency of ribosomal protein S19 in CD34+ cells generated by siRNA blocks erythroid development and mimics defects seen in Diamond-Blackfan anemia.

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital red cell aplasia in which 25% of the patients have a mutation in the ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19) gene. To study effects of RPS19 deficiency in hematopoiesis we transduced CD34(+) umbilical cord blood (CB) and bone marrow (BM) cells with 3 lentiviral vectors expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) against RPS19 and 1 scrambled control vector. All vec

Estrogen receptor content in malignant breast tumors in men--a review

Male breast cancer is a rare disease and clinical or epidemiological data are available from only a relatively few cases. Nonetheless, both similarities and discrepancies are apparent between breast cancer in men and women. For example, lobular and mucinous carcinomas are seldom seen in men. Tumors in men more often display neuroendocrine differentiation, with an average age at diagnosis ten years