A. Pleijel has proved that in the case of the Laplacian on the square with Neumann condition, the equality in the Courant nodal theorem (Courant sharp situation) can only be true for a finite number of eigenvalues. We identify five Courant sharp eigenvalues for the Neumann Laplacian in the square, and prove that there are no other cases.

Purpose: In a prospective study, we assessed if a diagnosis of osteoporosis and periodontitis could predict hip and hand fractures in older persons. Materials and methods: Bone density was assessed by a Densitometer. Periodontitis was defined by evidence of alveolar bone loss. Results: 788 Caucasians (52.4% women, overall mean age: 76 years, S.D. +/- 9.0, range: 62 to 96) were enrolled and 7.4% ha

A recent nonrandomized pilot trial showed that hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with genotype 2/3 and rapid virological response (RVR) had a 90% sustained virological response (SVR) rate after 14 weeks of treatment. We aimed to assess this concept in a randomized controlled trial. In the trial, 428 treatment-naive HCV RNA-positive patients with genotype 2 or 3 were enrolled. Patients with RVR were

A chapter in "Fokus 10 En anlys av ungas inflytande" published by the Swedish National board for Youth affairs. The chapter presents possibilities and challenges for excluded and marginalised youths participation and influence in society as well as hindrances towards being actors in their own lives.

Background: Disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow of patients with breast cancer have been identified as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with non-metastatic disease. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the presence and prognostic value of DTCs in the bone marrow of female patients with primary breast cancer. Methods: Between 1999 and 2003, bone marrow aspi

The concept of neutrophil activation and degranulation as important contributors to disease pathology in invasive group A streptococcal infections has recently been emphasized. This study focuses on two of the most severe streptococcal manifestations, toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis, and the newly described proinflammatory molecule resistin, known to derive from adipocytes and monoc

Surgery or radiation therapy remain the standard curative treatments for newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. Nonetheless, these aggressive treatments are associated with decreased quality of life with altered sexual and urinary functions. The objective was a systematic review of active surveillance protocols to investigate the role of histopathology and molecular markers in the active survei

Background: The objective was to understand patients' views of treatment after acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and their reasons for deciding to request surgery despite consenting to participate in a randomised controlled trial (to 'cross-over'). Methods: Thirty-four in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with young (aged 18-35), physically active individuals with ACL ruptur

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Felaktig DNA-reparation av typen mismatch repair (MMR) uppkommer i 15-17% av cancer i tjock- och ändtarm (kolorektalcancer). MMR defekter är av betydelse i tre situationer: • MMR defekta tumörer har en bättre prognos än övrig tjock- och ändtarmscancer, vilket kan användas för att avgöra huruvida en patient skall erbjudas sk. adjuvant Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is carcinogenic and can either have somatic/sporadic causes (i.e. epigenetic silencing or somatic inactivation) or hereditary causes (Lynch syndrome due to a germline mutation in one of the MMR genes ¬- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2). The identification of MMR defective colon cancer is clinically relevant for diagnostic, prognostic and potentially also for treatment-predi

We present a comprehensive picture of how X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the O 1s edge, supported by ob initio calculations, can be used to address the electronic properties of the conduction band edges of transition metal oxides. The compounds studied in order to illustrate the method are two of the most versatile transition metal oxides, ZrO2 and TiO2. Special attention is paid to the su

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the association of maternal and paternal height with pregnancy length, and with the risk of pre- and post-term birth. In addition we aimed to study whether cardiovascular risk factors could explain possible associations. Methods: Parents who participated in the Nord-Trondelag Health Study (HUNT 2; 1995-1997) were linked to offspring data from

The ATLAS inner detector is used to reconstruct secondary vertices due to hadronic interactions of primary collision products, so probing the location and amount of material in the inner region of ATLAS. Data collected in 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, with a minimum bias trigger, are used for comparisons with simulated events. The reconstructed secondary vertices have spatial resolutions ranging

The thesis investigates the use of the discourse particles duvet (you know), ju (as you know), ba(ra) (just), liksom (like), and typ (sort of) among adolescents in contemporary multilingual settings in Malmö. The data is drawn from a corpus of 6 hours’ spontaneous group conversations between female participants. The conversations were audiotaped at two upper secondary schools during the semesters

Lynch syndrome is a hereditary cancer syndrome that predisposes to several types of cancer, including colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer. Genetic testing for Lynch syndrome has been available since the mid-1990’s, which implies that an increasing number of individuals live with knowledge of a high risk of cancer. Most individuals affected by Lynch syndrome experience increase

It is frequently observed that the local relative abundances of aquatic microbial taxa are correlated with their average relative abundance at the regional scale, which results in the composition of different communities being more similar than expected by chance or invariant. The degree to which communities within a region match the regional average community is variable and likely depends on sev

The demonstration of table-top high average power extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lasers combined with the engineering of specialized optics has enabled the demonstration of full-field microscopes that have achieved tens of nanometer spatial resolution. This paper describes the geometry of the EUV microscopes tailored to specific imaging applications. The microscope illumination characteristics are asse

We studied the microbial communities in maize (Zea mays) rhizosphere to determine the extent to which their structure, biomass, activity and growth were influenced by plant genotype (su1 and sh2 genes) and the addition of standard and high doses of different types of fertilizer (inorganic, raw manure and vermicompost). For this purpose, we sampled the rhizosphere of maize plants at harvest, and an