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Kilohertz serial crystallography with the JUNGFRAU detector at a fourth-generation synchrotron source

Serial and time-resolved macromolecular crystallography are on the rise. However, beam time at X-ray free-electron lasers is limited and most thirdgeneration synchrotron-based macromolecular crystallography beamlines do not offer the necessary infrastructure yet. Here, a new setup is demonstrated, based on the JUNGFRAU detector and Jungfraujoch data-acquisition system, that enables collection of k

Basal activity of PINK1 and PRKN in cell models and rodent brain

The ubiquitin kinase-ligase pair PINK1-PRKN recognizes and transiently labels damaged mitochondria with ubiquitin phosphorylated at Ser65 (p-S65-Ub) to mediate their selective degradation (mitophagy). Complete loss of PINK1 or PRKN function unequivocally leads to early-onset Parkinson disease, but it is debated whether impairments in mitophagy contribute to disease later in life. While the pathway

Exponential moments for disk counting statistics at the hard edge of random normal matrices

We consider the multivariate moment generating function of the disk counting statistics of a model Mittag-Leffler ensemble in the presence of a hard wall. Let n be the number of points. We focus on two regimes: (a) the “hard edge regime” where all disk boundaries are at a distance of order n1 from the hard wall, and (b) the “semi-hard edge regime” where all disk boundaries are at a distance of ord

Pollination supply models from a local to global scale

Ecological intensification has been embraced with great interest by the academic sector but is still rarely taken up by farmers because monitoring the state of different ecological functions is not straightforward. Modelling tools can represent a more accessible alternative of measuring ecological functions, which could help promote their use amongst farmers and other decision-makers. In the case

Quantum information perspective on meson melting

We propose to use quantum information notions to characterize thermally induced melting of nonperturbative bound states at high temperatures. We apply tensor networks to investigate this idea in static and dynamical settings within the Ising quantum field theory, where bound states are confined fermion pairs - mesons. An equilibrium signature of meson melting is identified in the temperature depen

DSPE-PEG2000-methotrexate nanoparticles encapsulating phenobarbital sodium kill cancer cells by inducing pyroptosis

Cancer is a life-threatening disease worldwide. Nanomedicine and nanodelivery systems are recently developed scientific field that employs specific materials in the nanoscale range to deliver drugs. Lipid-based nanoparticles are an ideal delivery system since they exhibit many advantages, including high bioavailability, self-assembly, formulation simplicity, and the ability to exhibit a plethora o

Eigenvalues of truncated unitary matrices : disk counting statistics

Let T be an n× n truncation of an (n+ α) × (n+ α) Haar distributed unitary matrix. We consider the disk counting statistics of the eigenvalues of T. We prove that as n→ + ∞ with α fixed, the associated moment generating function enjoys asymptotics of the form exp(C1n+C2+o(1)), where the constants C1 and C2 are given in terms of the incomplete Gamma function. Our proof uses the uniform asymptotics

CGG toolkit : Software components for computational genomics

Public-domain availability for bioinformatics software resources is a key requirement that ensures long-term permanence and methodological reproducibility for research and development across the life sciences. These issues are particularly critical for widely used, efficient, and well-proven methods, especially those developed in research settings that often face funding discontinuities. We re-lau

Invariant natural killer T cells and incidence of first-time coronary events : a nested case-control study

Aims Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a T cell subset that is CD1d-restricted and expresses a semi-invariant T cell receptor, have been proposed to contribute to dyslipidaemia-driven cardiovascular disease due to their ability to specifically recognize lipid antigens. Studies in mice have attributed pro-atherogenic properties to iNKT cells, but studies in humans investigating associations

Interplay between relaxational atomic fluctuations and charge density waves in La2-xSrxCuO4

In the cuprate superconductors, the spatial coherence of the charge density wave (CDW) state grows below a temperature TCDW, the origin of which is debated. Using x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, we have studied the temporal atomic relaxation dynamics in La1.88Sr0.12CuO4 to shed light on this question. Cooling within an emergent structurally distorted phase, which favors the CDW modulation i

Exploring mixed lepton-quark interactions in non-resonant leptoquark production at the LHC

Searches for new physics (NP) at particle colliders typically involve multivariate analysis of kinematic distributions of final state particles produced in a decay of a hypothetical NP resonance. Since the pair-production cross-sections mediated by such resonances are strongly suppressed by the NP scale, this analysis becomes less relevant for NP searches for masses of the BSM resonance above 1 Te

Infant and child sex ratios in late Imperial Russia

This article analyses infant and child sex ratios in late Imperial Russia relying on district-level information obtained from the 1897 Russian census (489 districts). The article shows that child sex ratios were, on average, relatively low (around 98 boys per hundred girls) due to the biological female advantage: the extremely high infant and child mortality rates took a greater toll on boys and p

Human Capital, Institutions and Development: Insights from German Migration in the Russian Empire

This paper examines the economic effects of German settlers on Imperial Russia’s transition to advanced industrialization in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Between 1763 and 1860, thousands of German migrants came to the country’s frontier regions, drawn by a state-sponsored settlement policy. Using accidental elements in German migration induced by policy, the paper demonstrates

Culture, Economic Stress, and Missing Girls

Cultural norms play a pivotal role in shaping how societies respond to crises. This study examines the causal effect of ethnic-specific gender norms on gender-biased mortality during resource shocks. Studying the 1891-1892 Russian famine, we compare cohorts born before and after the famine in districts differentially affected by the famine and with diverse gender norms. Our findings reveal that ar

A numerical study on orientational arrest and size segregation of dense particle flows using discrete element modeling

The thesis focuses on studying dense particle flows, which are either dry or submerged in a Newtonian fluid through two dimensional numerical simulations using the discrete element method (DEM). The First paper deals with dense suspensions in viscous regime under oscillatory planar shear. We found that having an oscillatory shear can help reducing the viscosity of the suspension. Also, in the fric

Artisanal and small-scale mining through a “labour regime” lens: Consolidating a research agenda on labour exploitation

This article examines the way the notion of labour regime in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) research can contribute to new ways of conceptualising this sector's challenges. It starts by reviewing how the phenomenal expansion of ASM over the last decades has been problematised, and highlights the need to better understand what drives artisanal miners to operate under extremely precarious wo

Adjustment of Deductions in case of the Abandonment of an Investment Project : Some Remarks in Light of the Judgments of the CJEU in ITH Comercial Timișoara (C-734/19), Skellefteå Industrihus (Case C-248/20) and Vittamed Technologijos (C-293/21)

Articles 184 and 185 of the VAT Directive provide for the general obligation to adjust an initial deduction if it is higher or lower than that to which the taxable person was entitled. Does the abandonment of an investment project always imply the obligation to adjust deductions in respect of the acquired goods and/or services that cannot be used in the taxed activity of the taxable person? What i