Parkinson’s disease is characterized by a progressive loss of substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic neurons and the formation of Lewy bodies containing accumulated alpha-synuclein (α-syn). The pathology of Parkinson’s disease is associated with neuroinflammatory microglial activation, which may contribute to the ongoing neurodegeneration. This study investigates the in vivo microglial and dopaminergi

The consumption of legume seeds in developing countries is very important because of their low cost and valuable nutritional characteristics (high protein, digestible and indigestible carbohydrates, and polyphenols content). However, limited information is available on the indigestible carbohydrates and the antioxidant capacity of legumes growing in Mexico. The cooked seeds of three Mexican pulses

BACKGROUND: The effect of addition of flaxseed flour (10:90, 15:85 and 20:80, w/w) on the chemical composition and starch digestibility of corn tortilla was investigated. Tortillas were baked and frozen in liquid nitrogen, freeze-dried, ground and analyzed for fat, protein, ash, total starch (TS), available starch (AS) and resistant starch (RS) contents as well as for starch hydrolysis rate and pr

Pasta was prepared with of durum wheat flour mixed with chickpea flour at two different levels and its chemical composition, in vitro starch digestibility and predicted glycemic index were assessed. Protein, ash, lipid, and dietary fiber content increased while total starch decreased with the chickpea flour level in the composite pasta, all in accordance to the composition of the legume flour. Pot

In search of a way to improve the nutritional profile of noodles, we prepared them with various mixtures of durum wheat flour and isolated plantain starch, and tested their proximal composition. Cooked noodles were assessed for in vitro starch digestibility, indigestible fraction content, and predicted glycemic index. The protein content declined with the addition of plantain starch. Both total st

A resistant starch (RS)-rich powder was prepared from phosphate cross-linked banana starch. Serial autoclaving and cooling treatments of this cross-linked material were also made. The powders were evaluated for chemical composition, resistant starch content, thermal characteristics, as well as for swelling and solubility properties. The parental cross-linked starch had similar lipid and protein co

Salted noodles were prepared with different contents of wheat grits and plantain starch (PS). The blends were hydrated with 2% NaCl (w/v), homogenized, and the resulting doughs were sheeted through a pasta machine, cut into strips ∼30cm in length, cooked, and their composition and in vitro starch digestibility was assessed. Moisture (6.43-7.60%) and ash contents (2.08-3.12%) increased by the addit

The development of nutraceutical ingredients is of current interest for the food industry. A fibre-rich powder (FRP) was prepared by liquefaction of raw banana flour (RBF) and its chemical composition, water- and oil-holding capacity, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Total dietary fibre (TDF) was higher in FRP than in the RBF, but the total starch (TS), potentially available starch (AS) an

Dietary fiber residues were prepared from the cooked seeds of eleven legume varieties, following the AOAC enzymatic method. Resistant starch associated to fiber, i.e. retrograded resistant starch (RS), was assessed after alkaline dispersion of the indigestible residues. All legumes contained significant amounts of RS, ranging between 3.0% (g per 100g cooked seed on dry matter basis) in red cowpeas

BACKGROUND: Beans are rich and inexpensive sources of proteins and carbohydrates around the world, but particularly in developing countries. However, many legume varieties are still underutilized. In this study, physical characteristics of the seeds of three Phaseolus lunatus cultivars were characterized. Also, the chemical composition and starch digestibility in the cooked beans were assessed. RE

Extrusion is used to produce crunchy expanded foods, such as snacks. The nutritional impact of this process has not been studied sufficiently. In this study, in vitro and in vivo protein and starch bioavailability was evaluated in both raw and extruded corn (Zea mays)(C) and lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus)(B) flour blends, prepared in 75C/25B and 50C/50B (p/p) proportions. These were processed with

BACKGROUND: Tortillas were prepared from two (blue and regular white) maize varieties and compared with regard to chemical composition and in vitro starch digestibility, i.e., available starch (AS), total (RS) and retrograde (RRS) resistant starch contents, amylolysis rate and predicted glycemic index (pGI). The impact of cold storage (4°C) on digestibility was also investigated. RESULTS: Despite

Mango is a still underutilized fruit from tropical regions. The aim of this work was to characterize a mango dietary fibre concentrate (MDF) with antioxidant capacity, using the unripe fruit. MDF was obtained and its chemical composition, soluble (SDF) and insoluble dietary fibre (IDF), extractable polyphenols, water- and oil-holding capacities and anti-radical efficiency, were evaluated. MDF show

Common beans from Mayocoba variety were soaked in different solutions, cooked, stored and evaluated for cooking time, chemical composition and in vitro starch digestibility. Soaking decreased cooking time; the lowest value (149 min) was obtained when a sodium chloride (1%) and sodium bicarbonate (0.75%) mixture was used. Total starch content in samples soaked in water, sodium chloride or sodium bi

The effects of a drum drying treatment applied to jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis, JB) flour prior to roasting on starch morphology and digestibility were investigated. JB flours were assayed in both raw form and after mixing them with distilled water (1:1.5 flour:water proportion, w/v) followed by drum drying at 125 °C. The drum-dried flour was then roasted at 180 or 190 °C for 2 min starch morph

Experimental cookies were formulated with a resistant starch-rich powder (RSRP) prepared from autoclave-treated lintnerized banana starch. The products were studied regarding chemical composition, available starch (AS), resistant starch (RS) and rate of starch digestion in vitro. In order to evaluate the acceptance of RSRP-products, a first affective test was carried out on four cookie formulation

To increase the added value of arracacha flour, a soup type food was designed considering the traditional culinary recipes of this root. The methodology applied for this purpose, allowed to obtain the baked flour, and also the characterization of the physicochemical, functional composition, and in vitro digestibility; as well as to propose some formulations varying the flour contents from 40 to 65

Fresh and sun-dried faba beans (Vicia faba L.) were cooked, stored for various times at 4°C and analysed for available starch (AS), resistant starch (RS) and fibre-associated resistant starch (FARS) contents as well as α-amylolysis. Fresh beans required a shorter cooking time (25 min) than dried beans (158 min). Cooked fresh faba beans had a higher AS content than cooked dried faba beans. The AS c

BACKGROUND: Corn tortillas containing 20% (w/w) amaranth flour (AF) were kept in cold storage and analysed after various times for chemical composition and in vitro starch digestibility, including predicted glycemic index. Comparison was made with traditional nixtamalised corn flour (NCF) tortillas. RESULTS: Lipid and protein contents were higher in mixed NCF/AF tortilla than in NCF tortilla. Avai