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Sulfation is gaining increased interest due to the role of sulfate in the bioactivity of many polysaccharides of marine origin. Hence, sulfatases, enzymes that control the degree of sulfation, are being more extensively researched. In this work, a novel sulfatase (SulA1) encoded by the gene sulA1 was characterized. The sulA1-gene is located upstream of a chondroitin lyase encoding gene in the geno

BACKGROUND: Early glottic cancer can be treated with laser resection or radiotherapy. In an earlier study, we found that voice function after laser resection was inferior to that after radiotherapy.OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to determine if reduced margins at laser resection improved voice function without impairing oncologic results.METHOD: A total of 268 patients with previously untreat

BACKGROUND: A previous study on mechanical complications after central venous catheterisation demonstrated differences in complication rates between male and female operators. The objective of this subgroup analysis was to further investigate these differences. The hypothesis was that differences in distribution of predefined variables between operator genders could be identified.METHODS: This was

Background and ObjectivesKilning is crucial in oat processing, to prevent rancidity and extend shelf-life. This study examines kilning effects on the macronutrient composition in Swedish oat varieties Galant, Fatima, and Belinda. We compared two kilning methods: one mimicking industrial practice and a simplified version. We analyzed dietary fibers (arabinoxylan, β-glucan), protein and amino acids,

“Astrobiology as science” refers to how astrobiology is characterized and discussed in the philosophy of science.

Peripheral T cell lymphomas are typically aggressive with a poor prognosis. Unlike other hematologic malignancies, the lack of target antigens to discriminate healthy from malignant cells limits the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches. The T cell receptor expresses one of two highly homologous chains [T cell receptor β-chain constant (TRBC) domains 1 and 2] in a mutually exclusive manner, mak

OPINION He refuses to enter into the collective wage agreements that define the West’s most corporatist economy.

During the 18th century, collections of coins and medals were familiar sights. The collectors ranged from scholars to amateurs, men and women and the collectables tempted collectors for various reasons: they signified wealth and knowledge, they rendered historical events or current politics in material form, or they were miniature artworks and financial investments. Also, the visual and material c

Research centers represent a specific organizational format for linking the traditional university organization with external actors, goals, and processes in time-limited, concentrated efforts of research and collaboration. Yet, the center format contains large variations, and centers act as interfaces between university organizations, societal actors, and research funders in multifaceted ways. In

The concept of hot carrier solar cells (HCSCs) has been proposed as a promising yet elusive path toward high-performance photovoltaics (PV), capable of surpassing the Shockley-Queisser limit by recycling energy that would otherwise be lost during thermalization. Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have emerged as highly promising materials for PV applications. The reports of slow hot carrier (HC) cooli

BACKGROUND: As trials of 5 years of tamoxifen in early breast cancer mature, the relevance of hormone receptor measurements (and other patient characteristics) to long-term outcome can be assessed increasingly reliably. We report updated meta-analyses of the trials of 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen.METHODS: We undertook a collaborative meta-analysis of individual patient data from 20 trials (n=21,4

Atomic layer etching (ALE) is a cyclic technique based on self-limiting processes, such as reactive gas adsorption and material removal by low-energy ion bombardment 1,2. In a typical ALE process Ar+ ions with energies of 20-60 eV are used to desorb the reaction products, e.g. SiClx for the Si ALE. Compared to a corresponding continuous reactive ion etching (RIE), where the ion energies often exce

The use of hard X-ray transmission nano- and microdiffraction to perform in situ stress and strain measurements during deformation has recently been demonstrated and used to investigate many thin film systems. Here a newly commissioned sample environment based on a commercially available nanoindenter is presented, which is available at the NanoMAX beamline at the MAX IV synchrotron. Using X-ray na

Senescence is a negative prognostic factor for outcome and recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI-induced white matter injury may be partially due to oligodendrocyte demise. We hypothesized that the regenerative capacity of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) declines with age. To test this hypothesis, the regenerative capability of OPCs in young [(10 weeks ±2 (SD)] and aged [(62

To mitigate ongoing insect biodiversity declines, there is a need for efficient yet accurate monitoring methods. The use of traditional catch-based survey methods is constrained both by costs and need for expertise for manual taxonomic identification. Emerging methods, such as eDNA and robotic sorting, have the potential to reduce workload but still require resource-intensive sample collection in

Titanium alloys display anisotropic deformation properties due to the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) crystal structure of the α-phase. When subjected to localised deformation during machining, this behaviour influences fluctuations in the cutting force response of the material as the tool encounters grains of different orientations. In this research, cutting force signals acquired during face turnin

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of perioperative nurses in Sweden (ie, operating theater nurses) associated with caring for a donor patient during organ procurement procedures. We sought to determine the nurses’ main concerns and how they dealt with them. Using constructivist grounded theory methodology, our participant sample included 10 nurses, one of whom self-identifie

Individual patient data were available for all four of the randomized trials that began before 1995, and that compared adjuvant radiotherapy vs no radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). A total of 3729 women were eligible for analysis. Radiotherapy reduced the absolute 10-year risk of any ipsilateral breast event (ie, either recurrent DCIS or invasive