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Proton-translocating NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (NNT) is highly expressed in cardiac tissue, where it physiologically supports mitochondrial NADPH production. However, under certain pathological conditions, NNT may shift toward consuming the mitochondrial NADPH pool. Although NNT has been implicated in redox homeostasis, its contribution to cardiac function during aging remains uncertain. In this st
Background: Medial plica is a structure with limited understanding of its pathology, but it may be related to the development of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). We examined the association between medial plica and medial meniscus extrusion (MME), progression of MME, and the risk of early-stage knee OA development in middle-aged persons. Methods: A total of 340 subjects with tibiofemoral Kellgren–
This paper explores the role of guanxi in facilitating innovation within the Chinese construction sector. Guanxi, denoting the network of trust-based relationships, is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and orchestrates innovation activities. As the construction sector shifts toward bio-based building materials, understanding how guanxi influences innovation activities becomes crucial for the sector
Objective: To describe the frequency and types of incidental findings on prostate MRI in a screening setting. Materials and methods: Prostate MRI reports from 2020 to 2024 for men aged 50–56 years were collected from three regional organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) programmes in Sweden. Incidental findings were categorised as suspicious for extra-prostatic malignancy, otherwise likely clinic
The Neotropical butterfly genus Adelpha Hübner exhibits remarkable species diversity and striking convergence in wing colour patterns potentially explained by mimicry, making it an exceptional model for exploring trait evolution and its relationship with speciation. To date, unresolved phylogenetic relationships hinder a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary biology of the genus. Using a
Background: Over recent decades, school choice (the process by which parents select a school of their choosing for the child/children) has become a key component of education policy pursued in many countries, and a critical decision for many parents. While global scholarship has broadened understanding of how families engage with and experience school choice, less is known about how this choice op
This paper examines the distributive effects of personal income taxation in Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. We estimate the evolution of marginal and average effective tax rates across the income distribution and calculate the corresponding indices of progressivity and redistribution. Our results show that redistribution through inc
Marine copepods are the most abundant multicellular zooplankton in the global oceans. They imprint their surrounding waters with a unique bouquet of chemical compounds, including polar lipids such as copepodamides. Prey organisms can detect copepodamides and respond by inducing defensive traits including bioluminescence, toxin production, changes in colony size, and structural modifications. This
Humans are extremely efficient in learning concepts and in forming new concepts. However, some conceptual systems are more efficient than others. One of the central tasks for conceptual engineering is to construct systems that fulfil some criteria of optimality. I argue that the methods of Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning are not sufficient. This chapter instead proposes that conceptu
This paper analyzes Nahdlatul Ulama’s (NU) involvement in Indonesia's 2024 Presidential Election, focusing on the convergence of ideological and pragmatic motives. The study examines how different factions within NU align with various presidential candidates, driven by both the desire to protect Aswaja values and the need to maintain relevance in the political sphere. Using qualitative methods by
Understanding three Dimensional (3D) fundamental processes is crucial for academic and industrial applications. Nowadays, X-ray time-resolved tomography, or tomoscopy, is a leading technique for in situ and operando 4D (3D+time) characterization. Despite its ability to achieve 1000 tomograms per second at large-scale X-ray facilities, its applicability is limited by the centrifugal forces exerted
We present a genome assembly from a female specimen of Podarcis melisellensis (Dalmatian wall lizard; Chordata; Lepidosauria; Squamata; Lacertidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 1,574.91 megabases and 1,437.04 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (94.94%) is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes, while most of haplotype 2 (97.
This introduction to the Special Issue explores the ways in which a gendered analysis illuminates histories of segregation. It argues three key points. First, it is essential to understand segregation from an intersectional perspective, one that fully integrates gender alongside other factors and dynamics in order to fully understand the differences and similarities in segregation between differen
The article aims to shed light on the role of informality in the survival strategies of Ukrainian refugees who arrived in France since 2022. Informal solutions are common in everyday interactions within Ukrainian society and are also often used by migrant populations. However, they are not always embraced by Ukrainian refugees in France. The fieldwork conducted across three French regions connects
This article analyzes approximately two thousand political motions submitted to the Swedish Parliament between 2010 and 2022, aiming to examine whether and how an increased politicization of religion can be identified and its role in shaping political constructions of national identity. The study reveals that religion has become a more controversial issue in political motions during the examined p
High fidelity Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are performed on a non-premixed hydrogen-air annular rotating detonation combustor. The simulations utilize a 22-step hydrogen-air reaction mechanism and an existing flow solver that is optimized for high-speed reacting flows. The selected combustor, designed by the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), has been extensively studied experimentally acros
Continuum damage mechanics elaborates the continuum mechanics based modelling and simulation of mechanical degradation effects. The objective of this contribution is to briefly review different aspects of continuum damage mechanics of solid continua with a focus on general modelling concepts and application to isotropic as well as anisotropic damage approaches on the one hand, and to discuss possi
The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in early mammalian embryogenesis remains unclear due to the complexity of the regulatory mechanisms involving lncRNAs and the limited availability of embryo samples. Stem cell-based models, such as mouse gastruloids, provide new ways to address these challenges. Here, we investigate the function of ultra-conserved lncRNA T-UCstem1 in mammalian body plan f
Few-shot segmentation (FSS) tackles data scarcity using multiple priors, but its simplicity limits handling base and novel classes with limited data access. Generalized few-shot semantic segmentation (GFSS) enhances model performance for base classes with abundant data, while novel classes have limited data access, improving generalization with scarce data. Building on the design of query-based se
Creating software tools that address the needs of a wide range of decision-makers requires the inclusion of differing perspectives throughout the development process. Software tools for biodiversity conservation often fall short in this regard, partly because broad decision-maker needs may exceed the toolkits of single research groups or even institutions. We show that participatory, collaborative
