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Background: Gambling disorder severely impacts the affected individual's daily life and is considered to be a major public health issue. Gambling disorder may be a risk factor for suicidal behavior, but matched case-control studies are few. This study aims to explore suicidal behavior, and risk factors for it, among patients with GD in comparison with age- and gender-matched controls. Methods: Thi
Objective: Although patients prefer describing their problems using words, mental health interventions are commonly evaluated using rating scales. Fortunately, recent advances in natural language processing (i.e., AI-methods) yield new opportunities to quantify people's own mental health descriptions. Our aim was to explore whether responses to open-ended questions, quantified using AI, provide ad
In analysing five dimensional orbifolds with exceptional gauge groups, we seek to find stable vacua configurations which satisfy the minimal requirements for asymptotic grand unified models. In this respect we show that no minimal asymptotic grand unified theory can be built. Our results point towards non-minimal models based on E6: one featuring supersymmetry, and the other needing a modification
Background: Stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rank among the leading causes of mortality. Physical activity and exercise are recommended as part of rehabilitation after AMI to prevent cardiovascular events, but the importance for stroke prevention has not been investigated using population-based data. Objectives: To determine associations between participation in exercise-based cardiac
Context. The coupling between the dark matter (DM) halo and the stellar disc is a key factor in galactic evolution. While the interaction between structures like the Galactic bar and DM halos has been explored (e.g. slowing down of the bar due to dynamical friction), the effect of spiral arms on the DM halo distribution has received limited attention. Aims. We aim to detect and characterize the in
Background: Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) is a distinct variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Few studies have focused on the genetic determinants of this subtype. We aimed to investigate the genetic basis of apical hypertrophy in a Swedish cohort. Methods–Results: Longitudinal data on 58 unrelated index patients with ApHCM from the Southeast healthcare region in Sweden from 2
Accurately characterizing dry-season water availability (Wd) is critical for projecting terrestrial carbon exchange and global water security. Wd is commonly calculated as the minimum value of precipitation minus evapotranspiration within each calendar year. However, Earth System Model (ESM) projected Wd contains substantial uncertainties and can disagree on even the sign. Based on a newly propose
In this paper, we present an experiment that shows conflicting findings from truth-value judgments and eye-tracking data for testing reference assignment of proper names. We argue that if eye-tracking is a more reliable method than truth-value judgment tasks, then our eye-tracking data provide stronger empirical support for Kripke’s causal-historical theory of reference for proper names. We also a
Two major trends on children's skills to comprehend metaphors have governed the literature on the subject: the literal stage hypothesis vs. the early birds hypothesis (Falkum, 2022). We aim to contribute to this debate by testing children's capability to comprehend novel metaphors ('X is a Y') in Spanish with a child-friendly, picture selection task, while also tracking their gaze. Further, given
This study aimed to quantify the impact of sponge city facilities on both runoff reduction and carbon emission mitigation, providing valuable insights for sustainable urban development. Using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) 5.2 in conjunction with carbon emission factor calculations, we comparatively evaluated the annual runoff reduction and carbon emission abatement potential of tradition
The English present perfect and simple future tenses are felicitous with the living, but not the dead, as a referent must exist at reference time. In contrast, the simple past is odd with living referents in out-of-the-blue statements, as it requires a specified or implied past reference time. We employed eye-tracking during reading (Experiment 1) and self-paced reading (Experiments 2 and 3) in or
While maximum standard absolute adjectives (such as straight) typically have a precise meaning (e.g., ‘perfectly straight’), they are also regularly used imprecisely (e.g., to mean ‘straight enough’). The current study investigates how contextual expectations of precision and a visual referent’s conceptual distance from an ideal maximum standard influence the processing effort of precise and impre
A long-standing challenge in studying the global carbon cycle has been understanding the factors controlling inter–annual variation (IAV) of carbon fluxes, and improving their representations in existing biogeochemical models. Here, we compared an optimality-based model and a semi-empirical light use efficiency model to understand how current models can be improved to simulate IAV of gross primary
Metal oxide nanoparticles are essential in various applications, and the synthesis through gas-phase generation methods offers a rapid and reliable pathway for nanoparticle production. Yet achieving precise control over their formation remains challenging due to the complex nature of oxidation processes. While bulk oxidation states can be assessed via off-line measurements, the dynamic nature of s
Background: Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a leading cause of mortality after major liver resection. Accurate preoperative risk assessment is essential, yet current methods have limitations. Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (Gd-EOB MRI) enables both morphological and functional evaluation of the liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the hepatic uptake index (HUI) obtain
Recent years have seen a sharply rising interest in the scientific area dedicated to the study of the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) research and applications (AI4CBT for brevity). Yet, little is known about how this interest is realized and hence the overall status, prospects, and possible challenges of AI4CBT as a field (e.g. breadth of the field, key
Patterns of correlations among judgments of targets on different attributes are the basis for common psychometric procedures such as factor analysis and network modeling. The outcomes of such analyses may shape the images (i.e., theories) that we as scientists have of the phenomena that we study. However, key conceptual issues tend to be overlooked in these analyses, which is especially problemati
The narrow band-gap semiconductor elemental tellurium (Te) has a unique electronic structure due to strong spin-orbit splitting and a lack of inversion symmetry of its helical lattice. Using broadband extreme ultraviolet core-level transient absorption, we simultaneously measure the coherently coupled photoinduced carrier and lattice dynamics at the Te N4,5 edge initiated by a few-cycle NIR pulse.
Background: Apolipoprotein M (ApoM), a protein component of lipoproteins, is closely related to the development of atherosclerosis, but the specific mechanism remains elusive. Mitochondrial DNA damage can contribute to atherosclerosis, so this study was designed to investigate whether ApoM influences the structure and function of mitochondria during the progression of atherosclerosis and to explor
Context: Land-use intensification to increase yields is often detrimental to biodiversity undermining the provision of ecosystem services. However, it is questionable if ecosystem service providers contribute to ecological intensification by achieving the same or higher yields than conventional high-intensity agriculture. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to disentangle the effects of local and
