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Salvage surgery in patients with recurrent or residual squamous cell carcinoma of the anus

INTRODUCTION: Anal squamous cell cancers are uncommon, and primary treatment is radical chemoradiotherapy. The role of radical surgery is in salvage of patients with residual and recurrent disease. The primary aim of the study is to determine how often such salvage surgery is required, while the secondary aim is to determine which features indicate salvage surgery may be required and to determine

Laparoscopic Lavage in the Management of Hinchey Grade III Diverticulitis : A Systematic Review

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of laparoscopic lavage and sigmoid resection in perforated diverticulitis with purulent peritonitis.BACKGROUND: Peritonitis secondary to perforated diverticulitis has conventionally been managed by resection and stoma formation. Case series have suggested that patients can be safely managed with laparoscopic lavage, resulting in reduced mortality and stoma format

Improved survival for rectal cancer compared to colon cancer : the four cohort study

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. This study was undertaken to evaluate survival outcomes and changes of disease outcomes of CRC patients over the last decades.METHODS: A retrospective analysis of CRC patients in Christchurch was performed in four patient cohorts at 5 yearly intervals; 1993-94, 1998-99, 2004-05 and 2009. Data on cancer location, stage,

Hinchey I and II diverticular abscesses : long-term outcome of conservative treatment

BACKGROUND: The management of diverticular disease and its complications are an increasing burden to the health system. The natural history of conservatively managed diverticular abscesses (Hinchey I and II) is poorly described and it remains open to debate whether subsequent sigmoid resection is indicated after conservative management. This observational study compares outcomes of patients treate

Radiological findings in anastomotic leakage after anterior resection may predict a permanent stoma

Background: Permanent stoma (PS) is common following treatment of anastomotic leakage (AL) after anterior resection (AR) and ways of predicting successful treatment outcome are missing.Purpose: To explore radiological variables in rectal contrast studies in their relation to end-result of PS following treatment for AL after AR.Material and Methods: The Swedish Cancer Registry (SCRCR) was explored

An international assessment of the adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) principles across colorectal units in 2019-2020

AIM: The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society guidelines aim to standardize perioperative care in colorectal surgery via 25 principles. We aimed to assess the variation in uptake of these principles across an international network of colorectal units.METHOD: An online survey was circulated amongst European Society of Coloproctology members in 2019-2020. For each ERAS principle, responde

Safety of primary anastomosis following emergency left sided colorectal resection : an international, multi-centre prospective audit

INTRODUCTION: Some evidence suggests that primary anastomosis following left sided colorectal resection in the emergency setting may be safe in selected patients, and confer favourable outcomes to permanent enterostomy. The aim of this study was to compare the major postoperative complication rate in patients undergoing end stoma vs primary anastomosis following emergency left sided colorectal res

Association of mechanical bowel preparation with oral antibiotics and anastomotic leak following left sided colorectal resection : an international, multi-centre, prospective audit

INTRODUCTION: The optimal bowel preparation strategy to minimise the risk of anastomotic leak is yet to be determined. This study aimed to determine whether oral antibiotics combined with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP+Abx) was associated with a reduced risk of anastomotic leak when compared to mechanical bowel preparation alone (MBP) or no bowel preparation (NBP).METHODS: A pre-planned analysi

The impact of conversion on the risk of major complication following laparoscopic colonic surgery : an international, multicentre prospective audit

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy has now been implemented as a standard of care for elective colonic resection around the world. During the adoption period, studies showed that conversion may be detrimental to patients, with poorer outcomes than both laparoscopic completed or planned open surgery. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether laparoscopic conversion was associated with a higher ma

An international multicentre prospective audit of elective rectal cancer surgery; operative approach versus outcome, including transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME)

INTRODUCTION: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) has rapidly emerged as a novel approach for rectal cancer surgery. Safety profiles are still emerging and more comparative data is urgently needed. This study aimed to compare indications and short-term outcomes of TaTME, open, laparoscopic, and robotic TME internationally.METHODS: A pre-planned analysis of the European Society of Coloproct

Evaluating the incidence of pathological complete response in current international rectal cancer practice : the barriers to widespread safe deferral of surgery

INTRODUCTION: The mainstay of management for locally advanced rectal cancer is chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection. Following chemoradiotherapy, a complete response may be detected clinically and radiologically (cCR) prior to surgery or pathologically after surgery (pCR). We aim to report the overall complete pathological response (pCR) rate and the reliability of detecting a cCR by c

Low Incidence of Pelvic Sepsis after Hartmann's Procedure : Radiation Therapy May Be a Risk Factor

Purpose: Hartmann's procedure is a well-established alternative in colorectal surgery when a primary anastomosis is contraindicated. However, the rectal remnant may cause complications. This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of pelvic sepsis after Hartmann's procedure and identify possible risk factors.Methods: All patients who underwent Hartmann's procedure between 2005 and 2012 we

Tumor and nodal staging of colon cancer : accuracy of preoperative computed tomography at a Swedish high-volume center

Background: When deciding treatment options for patients with colon cancer, accurate staging is required. In Sweden, the main preoperative evaluation modality to determine tumor and nodal stage is computed tomography (CT).Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate how well the preoperative (CT-determined) clinical tumor and nodal stage (cTN) correlated with the postoperative histopathologic

Computed Tomography Verified Prevalence of Incisional Hernia 1 Year Postoperatively after Colorectal Cancer Resection

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Incisional hernia is a frequent negative outcome after open and minimal invasive surgery of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to determine computed tomography-verified incisional hernia prevalence 1-year post colorectal cancer surgical resection in patients sutured with standardized small stich 4:1 technique, identify risk factors for incisional hernia and assess to wha

What is this condition and how could it be treated?

A 67-year-old, previously fit, woman presented with a history of rectal bleeding.Per rectum examination revealed alow rectal mass, which on endoscopy wasdemonstrated to be submucosal. MR rectumconfirmed a 5 cm rectal mass displacing therectum anteriorly. Chest x-ray and abdominalCT did not reveal any metastatic disease. Biopsies were consistent with high grade gastrointestinal stromal cell tumour

Acute Mania and Catatonia in a Teenager Successfully Treated with Electroconvulsive Therapy and Diagnosed with Turner Syndrome and Bipolar Disorder

Background. Turner syndrome (TS) is an X-linked chromosomal abnormality with a global prevalence of 1/2000 live-born girls. The physiological symptoms of TS have been thoroughly characterized, but only a few studies have described associated psychiatric symptoms. We report a case of an adolescent girl who presented with acute mania with psychotic features and was successfully treated with electroc

‘A Safe Place Where I Am Welcome to Unwind When I Choose to’—Experiences of Brief Admission by Self-Referral for Adolescents Who Self-Harm at Risk for Suicide: A Qualitative Study

Evidence is lacking on how to manage imminent suicidality in adolescents with self-harm. Brief Admission by Self-referral (BA) is a crisis-management intervention, developed for adults with self-harm at risk for suicide. Structured, individualized and based on responsible autonomy, BA aims to provide a respite while minimizing negative effects of hospitalization. This qualitative interview study i

The Impact of Weather on the Behavior and Ecology of Birds

Weather conditions affect animals in many different ways. Variation in temperature, rainfall, wind, and other environmental variables can have an impact at a range of temporal and spatial scales and at every level from individual behavior to species distributions. The interactions between these variables may be particularly important but are often overlooked. Hence, understanding how animals respo