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Machinability and manufacturing cost in low-lead brass

Today, commercially used brasses commonly contain 2 to 4 wt% lead. As the availability of low-lead and lead-free brass increases, there are environmental incentives for investigating the consequences of replacing the lead-containing brasses with lead-free equivalents. Generally, lead-free brass is expected to have a lower machinability than its lead-alloyed counterpart, implying a higher manufactu

Hyperglycemia does not affect tissue repair responses in shear stress-induced atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/-mice

The mechanisms responsible for macrovascular complications in diabetes remain to be fully understood. Recent studies have identified impaired vascular repair as a possible cause of plaque vulnerability in diabetes. This notion is supported by observations of a reduced content of fibrous proteins and smooth muscle cell mitogens in carotid endarterectomy from diabetic patients along with findings of

Altered peripheral amino acid profile indicate a systemic impact of active celiac disease and a possible role of amino acids in disease pathogenesis

Background: We have previously performed a Genome Wide Association and linkage study that indicated a new disease triggering mechanism involving amino acid metabolism and nutrient sensing signaling pathways. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate if plasma amino acid levels differed among children with celiac disease compared with disease controls. Materials and methods: Fasting plasm

Genome-wide association study of coronary artery disease among individuals with diabetes : the UK Biobank

Aims/hypothesis: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common complication among individuals with diabetes. A better understanding of the genetic background of CAD in this population has the potential to suggest novel molecular targets for screening, risk assessment and drug development. Methods: We performed a genome-wide association study of CAD in 15,666 unrelated individuals (3,968 CAD cases and

CFTR is involved in the regulation of glucagon secretion in human and rodent alpha cells

Glucagon is the main counterregulatory hormone in the body. Still, the mechanism involved in the regulation of glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells remains elusive. Dysregulated glucagon secretion is common in patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) that develop CF related diabetes (CFRD). CF is caused by a mutation in the Cl- channel Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)

Indivisible Wholes & Fragmented Realities : On the Aggregation of Disaster Risk Information

Orkanen Katrina, tsunamin i Indiska oceanen, Lehmankraschen och 11-september attackerna är bara några exempel på sentida händelser som väckt frågor kring vår förmåga att förutse och förstå katastrofrisker. I efterhand är det dock lätt att glömma att vi alltid har ett oändligt antal potentiella scenarier framför oss, men bara ett förflutet, vilket kan få oss att överdriva förutsägbarheten för händeDivision of labor and trade have been prerequisites for the development of welfare societies. Ironically, this specialization has caused a fragmentation of the knowledge necessary to understand risks that may undermine societal safety. This has not only prompted a need for inter-organizational exchange and integration of disaster risk information, it has also prompted a need for understanding how

Improving agricultural pollution abatement through result-based payment schemes

Action-based payments that compensate farmers for adopting land-management measures to preserve and en- hance the environment have been criticized for being ineffective. The root of the problem is that farmers are not paid for achieving a desired environmental benefit, but compensated for their costs of management. There is growing interest in formulating result-based economic incentives. By payin

On Human Terms – Integration of a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in Ergonomics in University Courses

The aim of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) ‘Work and Technology on Human Terms’ was to be a modern, highly accessible study material in Ergonomics/Work science to contribute to safer and healthier workplaces. The course targets engineering students, but also students in economics, human relations, physiotherapy, occupational health, as well as professionals. The purpose of this paper is to d

From the mid-Ordovician into the Late Silurian : Changes in the micrometeorite flux after the L chondrite parent breakup

We present the first reconstruction of the micrometeorite flux to Earth in the Silurian Period. We searched 321 kg of condensed, marine limestone from the Late Silurian Cellon section, southern Austria, for refractory chrome-spinel grains from micrometeorites that fell on the ancient sea floor. A total of 155 extraterrestrial spinel grains (10 grains >63 μm, and 145 in the 32-63 μm fraction) were

Bullshit-sensitivity predicts prosocial behavior

Bullshit-sensitivity is the ability to distinguish pseudo-profound bullshit sentences (e.g. “Your movement transforms universal observations”) from genuinely profound sentences (e.g. “The person who never made a mistake never tried something new”). Although bullshit-sensitivity has been linked to other individual difference measures, it has not yet been shown to predict any actual behavior. We the

Morphometrics and taxonomy of Erigeron acris sensu lato

Morphometric multivariate analysis has been performed based on 23 characters observed on 113 herbariumspecimens from throughout Fennoscandia. This demonstrates that four taxa can be recognised withinErigeron acris L. sensu lato, viz. E. acris L. subsp. acris, E. acris subsp. decoloratus (H. Lindb.) Hiitonen,E. acris subsp. droebachiensis (O. F. Müll.) Arcang. and E. acris subsp. politus (Fr.) H. L

Development of a harmonized food grouping system for between-country comparisons in the TEDDY Study

The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is an international study aiming to investigate associations between dietary and other environmental factors and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-h recall and repeated 3-day food records and analyzed using country-specific food composition databases (FCDBs) in Finlan

Inter- and intra-rater reliability of the head-shaft angle in children with cerebral palsy

Purpose. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at increased risk for hip dislocation. This can be prevented in most cases using surveillance programmes that include radiographic examinations. Known risk factors for hip dislocation include young age, high Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level and high migration percentage (MP). The head-shaft angle (HSA) has recently been describ

Genome-wide meta-analysis of macronutrient intake of 91,114 European ancestry participants from the cohorts for heart and aging research in genomic epidemiology consortium

Macronutrient intake, the proportion of calories consumed from carbohydrate, fat, and protein, is an important risk factor for metabolic diseases with significant familial aggregation. Previous studies have identified two genetic loci for macronutrient intake, but incomplete coverage of genetic variation and modest sample sizes have hindered the discovery of additional loci. Here, we expanded the

Sustainability of an Enhanced Recovery Program for Pancreaticoduodenectomy with Pancreaticogastrostomy

Background: Enhanced recovery program for pancreaticoduodenectomy have become standard care. Little is known about adherence rates and sustainability of the program, especially when pancreaticogastrostomy is used in reconstruction. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate adherence rates and continued outcome, after implementation of an enhanced recovery program. Methods: Consecutive pati