The land-atmosphere exchange of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a high-Arctic wet tundra ecosystem (Rylek ae rene) in Zackenberg, north-eastern Greenland, was studied over the full growing season and until early winter in 2008 and from before snow melt until early winter in 2009. The eddy covariance technique was used to estimate CO2 fluxes and a combination of the gradient and eddy cova

The balance between self-renewal and differentiation is crucial for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Whereas numerous gene regulatory factors have been shown to control HSC self-renewal or drive their differentiation, we have relatively few insights into transcription factors that serve to restrict HSC differentiation. In the present work, we identify ETS (E-twenty-six)-related

In the course of 2000s, the region of Campania in southern Italy and its capital city Naples became global icons of waste mismanagement after the images of piles of rubbish occluding their urban areas hit the headlines. Conventional explanations, in Italy and elsewhere, pointed to administrative failure, cultural backwardness and mafia infiltration as the main causes of waste mishandling. In the s

After the latest Permian mass extinction event, microbial mats filled the ecological niche previously occupied by metazoan reefs, resulting in widespread microbialites. This study focuses on the lipid biomarker (molecular fossil) and invertebrate fossil records from Neotethyan platform margin sections to understand microbial-metazoan bioherm formation. Here, we find that early Griesbachian thrombo

Previous research suggests a pattern of gaze avoidance in East Asian compared with Western cultures. Yet, recent eye-tracking studies of face-to-face conversation do not corroborate this. More generally, differences in nonverbal communication and analytic versus holistic strategies have been described between East Asian and Western cultures. Using wearable eye-tracking technology and an automated

Uppsatsen behandlar det genomgående motivet av maktkamper i August Strindbergs dramatik. Konflikten är en essentiell ingrediens i praktiskt taget all berättande men Strindberg går ofta längre i sina dramer. Huvudpersonen kämpar mot religionen, andra människor eller sig själv och kampen är en strävan efter makt över motståndaren eller vad den andre parten representerar. Uppsatsen analyser ett anta

Does sertraline provide symptomatic relief for chronic breathlessness in people with advanced disease whose underlying cause(s) are optimally treated?223 participants with chronic breathlessness (modified Medical Research Council breathlessness scale ≥2) who had optimal treatment of underlying cause(s) were randomised 1:1 to sertraline 25-100 mg (titrated upwards over 9 days) or placebo for 4 week

One of the major roles of seminal plasma is to provide antimicrobial protection for the spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract. We found that the bactericidal activity of seminal plasma was highest after resolution of the seminal clot and that this antibacterial activity subsequently became greatly diminished. The antibacterial activity was derived from peptides generated by fragmentation of

Membrane proteins (MPs) constitute a large fraction of the proteome, but exhibit physicochemical characteristics that impose challenges for successful sample production crucial for subsequent biophysical studies. In particular, MPs have to be extracted from the membranes in a stable form. Reconstitution into detergent micelles represents the most common procedure in recovering MPs for subsequent a

Importance: Novel plasma biomarkers, especially phosphorylated tau (p-tau), can detect brain tau aggregates in Alzheimer disease. Objective: To determine which plasma biomarker combinations can accurately detect tau pathological brain changes in Down syndrome (DS). Design, Setting, and Participants: The cross-sectional, multicenter Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium-Down Syndrome study included adul

The transcription factor Sox4 has been proposed to underlie the increased type 2 diabetes risk linked to an intronic single nucleotide polymorphism in CDKAL1. In a mouse model expressing a mutant form of Sox4, glucose-induced insulin secretion is reduced by 40% despite normal intracellular Ca2+ signaling and depolarization-evoked exocytosis. This paradox is explained by a fourfold increase in kiss

Mucosal surfaces of the reproductive tract as well as their secretions have important roles in preventing sexual transmission of HIV-1. In the current study, the majority of the intrinsic anti-HIV-1 activity of human seminal plasma (SP) was determined to reside in the cationic polypeptide fraction. Antiviral assays utilizing luciferase reporter cells and lymphocytic cells revealed the ability of w

Rape as a weapon of war in armed conflicts is one of the history’s great silences. It was not until the 1990’s, through the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and Rwanda (ICTR), that the international community explicitly recognized rape as a crime against humanity. The International Criminal Court, ICC, was established on 1 July 2002. However, it was not until 201

Sammanfattning Debatten om påverkan av masskultur är en debatt som vägrar att dö. Samtalet har cirklat kring allt från hur läsandet av dålig litteratur skulle leda till sämre läsförståelse, till 70-80 talets videovålds-debatt. Idag fokuserar detta samtal på tv- och datorspels påverkan på spelarna. Vi har intresserat oss för vad det är som idag sägs bakom de omedelbara argumenten i detta samtal. I

On the 25th of July 2013, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) held Sweden responsible for violating Article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR) and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 to the convention regarding a sale of the applicant’s home and ensuing eviction due to an en- forceable debt. This paper examines the relations between the Swedish debt enforcement and the ECHR, with t

In the Swedish legal system there is limited responsibility for failure to hinder other people´s criminal acts. As of July 1st of 2016 there is a new paragraph in the 6th section of the 23rd chapter of the Swedish Penal Code. It was introduced in order to be able to keep leaders of organized crime responsible for the crimes that are, with them knowing, taking place within the organization. During

Staden Frutal, centrerad i den brasilianska delstaten Minas Gerais är idag under stark urbanisering och utveckling. Målet med denna studie var att ta reda på om den starka urbaniseringen har påverkat närliggande vattensystem och dess vattenkvalité. I studien har vattenkvalitén i floden Frutal, en flod liggandes centralt i staden Frutal, jämförts med vattenkvalitén i floden Bebedouro, en lantlig flThis study highlights the key issues that urban river systems face due to urbanization. The city of Frutal (20°01' 32.17”S 48°56' 09.62” W) centered in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais is under urban expansion today. The aim of this study was to compare two rivers in this area, the Frutal River, an urban located river, with the Bebedouro River, which is a rural river approximately 3 km

On the 18th of July 2019, the government appointed an inquiry to evaluate whether or not honour crime should be appointed as a classification of a crime in the penal code. The appointed inquiry was named SOU 2020:57 Ett särskilt hedersbrott. The proposed Government Bill would mean that multiple honour crimes under specific circumstances could be assessed collectively. This would result in a strict