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Opaline silica deposits on Mars may be good target sites where organic biosignatures could be preserved. Potential analogues on Earth are provided by ancient cherts containing carbonaceous material (CM) permineralized by silica. In this study, we investigated the ultrastructure and chemical characteristics of CM in the Rhynie chert (c. 410 Ma, UK), Bitter Springs Formation (c. 820 Ma, Australia),

The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) is a time scale based on annual layer counting of high-resolution records from Greenland ice cores. Whereas the Holocene part of the time scale is based on various records from the DYE-3, the GRIP, and the NorthGRIP ice cores, the glacial part is solely based on NorthGRIP records. Here we present an 18 ka extension of the time scale such that GICC05

This thesis examines the interplay between gender and the perception of impoliteness in the Japanese workplace. Firstly, impoliteness is an area in sociolinguistics that discusses face-threatening acts, perceived in situations modified by different aspects, e.g. context and the gender of the interlocutors. Secondly, gendered language is another area within sociolinguistics which gained popularity

Moraxella catarrhalis immunoglobulin D (IgD)-binding protein (MID) is an outer membrane protein with specific affinity for soluble and cell-bound human IgD. Here, we demonstrate that mutated M. catarrhalis strains devoid of MID show a 75% decreased activation of human B cells as compared with wild-type bacteria. In contrast to MID-expressing Moraxella, the MID-deficient Moraxella mutants did not b

Public health can be immediately and substantially improved by policies that also mitigate climate change over the longer term. However, implementation of these policies has been slowed at least in part by doubts and lack of awareness of these health co-benefits. To address this barrier to progress, we demonstrate how an illustrative set of interventions led to environmental, health, and economic

Increasing global production fragmentation allows for emission displacement, which may counteract advanced nation’s domestic reductions of production-related carbon emissions. Consequently, input-output analysis has become a common tool to measure countries’ carbon footprint and emission trade balances based on national consumption instead of domestically produced CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, trad

BACKGROUND: An outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis occurred in Cuba in 2008 and 2009.OBJECTIVE: To determinate the etiological agent associated with the Cuban outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis during 2008 and 2009.STUDY DESIGN: Conjunctival swabs and/or faecal samples from 382 patients with clinical diagnosis suggestive of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis were subject to viral

The Yellow River Basin Commission (YRCC) is struggling with demand and supply water imbalances due to inter-jurisdictional rivalries, and has consequently promoted the development of water rights trading to incentivize provinces from not exceeding their allocated withdrawals in the Yellow River Basin (YRB). This thesis employs the case of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to examine factors that facil

I en globaliserad värld står ICC inför svåra utmaningar i fullgörandet av sitt uppdrag att inte lämna de allvarligaste av brott, som angår det internationella samfundet, ostraffade. Stater som inte är parter i Romstadgan har uttalat att domstolen kränker deras statssuveränitet. Särskilt ICC:s agerande gällande deportationen av uigurer till Xinjiang och deportationen av rohingyer från Myanmar till

The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, paved the way for a new hybrid global climate governance architecture with both bottom-up and top-down elements. While governments can choose individual climate goals and actions, a global stocktake and a ratcheting-up mechanism have been put in place with the overall aim to ensure that collective efforts will prevent increasing adverse impacts of climate chan

This paper aims to synthesise and build further on recent research of consumer behaviour, in order to explain how the industry affects consumer behavioural intentions towards early phase innovations. The rationale for this relies on the non-accessibility of early phase innovations and the implication that they cannot yet be experienced by consumers, which further means they cannot be objectively e

Increasing global production fragmentation allows for emission displacement, which may counteract advanced nation’s domestic reductions of production-related carbon emissions. Consequently, input-output analysis has become a common tool to measure countries’ carbon footprint and emission trade balances based on national consumption instead of domestically produced CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, trad

This paper investigates the determinants of Climbing World Cup performance at a country level. An unbalanced panel of 76 countries over the years 2005 through 2008 is used. The focus of the paper is on the impact of the demographic, economic, geographic and historic predictors of the success at the Climbing World Cups. We measure the performance by the National Team rankings for each of the three