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Medication Discrepancies in Discharge Summaries and Associated Risk Factors for Elderly Patients with Many Drugs

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Elderly patients are at high risk for medication errors in care transitions. The discharge summary aims to counteract drug-related problems due to insufficient information transfer in care transitions, hence the accuracy of its medication information is of utmost importance. The purpose of this study was to describe the medication discrepancy rate and associated risk fact

The Effects of Frontal Brain Impairment on Fluency : Simple and Complex Paradigms

Neuropsychological measures of fluency require productivity under timed conditions. The current study explored the parameters of fluency paradigms by extending the associational demands of the tasks. Ss with frontal lobe tumors (n = 17) were compared with normal subjects (n = 17) on simple and complex fluency tasks. Complex fluency tasks appeared to be more sensitive to tumor presence than simple

Automated Image-Based Quantification of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Using NETQUANT

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like antimicrobial structures consisting of DNA and granule derived antimicrobial proteins. Immunofluorescence microscopy and image-based quantification methods remain important tools to quantitate neutrophil extracellular trap formation. However, there are key limitations to the immunofluorescence-based methods that are currently available for quantif

A direct solver for the phase retrieval problem in ptychographic imaging

Measurements achieved with ptychographic imaging are a special case of diffraction measurements. They are generated by illuminating small parts of a sample with, e.g., a focused X-ray beam. By shifting the sample, a set of far-field diffraction patterns of the whole sample is then obtained. From a mathematical point of view those measurements are the squared modulus of the windowed Fourier transfo

An instrument variable based algorithm for estimating cross-correlated hydrological remote sensing errors

Optimally using multi-source remote-sensing (RS) and/or reanalyzed hydrological products requires knowledge of each product's accuracy and inter-product error cross-correlations. Quadruple collocation (QC) analysis can potentially solve for this error information without the reliance of high-quality ground references. However, QC requires at least three independent products for a variable of inter

A double instrumental variable method for geophysical product error estimation

The global validation of remotely sensed and/or modeled geophysical products is often complicated by a lack of suitable ground observations for comparison. By cross-comparing three independent collocated observations, triple collocation (TC) can solve for geophysical product errors in error-prone systems. However, acquiring three independent products for a geophysical variable of interest can be c

Hydrologic evaluation of TRMM and GPM IMERG satellite-based precipitation in a humid basin of China

Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) is one of the most popular global high resolution satellite-based precipitation products with a goal of measuring precipitation over the oceans and tropics. However, in recent years, the TRMM mission has come to an end. Its successor, Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission was launched to measure the earth's precipitation structure, with an aim

Spatial evaluation of L-band satellite-based soil moisture products in the upper Huai River basin of China

Using dense soil moisture (SM) measurements in the upper Huai River basin of China, this study evaluated the spatial patterns of L-band satellite-based SM products, including Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L3, Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) L3 and the European Space Agency’s Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI) SM products. The mean difference (MD), root mean squared error (RMSE), unb

The impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on hydrological extremes

Extreme climate events such as severe droughts and floods have become more frequent and widespread in the 21st Century. Recent studies have revealed the tele-connections between Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) and extreme precipitation over different regions such as South America, India and China. This study investigates the influence of MJO on global extreme dry and wet conditions, and how the st

Enhancing SWAT with remotely sensed LAI for improved modelling of ecohydrological process in subtropics

Vegetation growth in Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a crucial process for quantifying ecohydrological modelling, as it influences evapotranspiration, interception, soil erosion and biomass production. The simplified version of Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) in SWAT was originally designed for temperate regions and naturally based on temperature to simulate growth cycles

Variations of Lake Ice Phenology on the Tibetan Plateau From 2001 to 2017 Based on MODIS Data

Lake ice is a robust indicator of climate change. The availability of information contained in Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer daily snow products from 2000 to 2017 could be greatly improved after cloud removal by gap filling. Thresholds based on open water pixel numbers are used to extract the freezeup start and breakup end dates for 58 lakes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP); 18 lakes ar

Hydrological evaluation of open-access precipitation and air temperature datasets using SWAT in a poorly gauged basin in Ethiopia

Precipitation and air temperature are key drivers of watershed models. Currently there are many open-access gridded precipitation and air temperature datasets at different spatial and temporal resolutions over global or quasi-global scale. Motivated by the scarcity and substantial temporal and spatial gaps in ground measurements in Africa, this study evaluated the performance of three open-access

Spatiotemporal analysis of nonlinear trends in precipitation over Germany during 1951–2013 from multiple observation-based gridded products

Spatial and temporal patterns of trends in annual and seasonal precipitation over Germany during 1951–2013 were analysed using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method. Three widely used and recognized high-resolution observation-based gridded precipitation products, the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) time-series data, Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) Full Data Reanalysi

Global sensitivity analysis of the APSIM-Oryza rice growth model under different environmental conditions

This study conducted the global sensitivity analysis of the APSIM-Oryza rice growth model under eight climate conditions and two CO2 levels using the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test method. Two output variables (i.e. total aboveground dry matter WAGT and dry weight of storage organs WSO) and twenty parameters were analyzed. The ±30% and ±50% perturbations of base values were used as th

A robust Multi-Band Water Index (MBWI) for automated extraction of surface water from Landsat 8 OLI imagery

Surface water is vital resources for terrestrial life, while the rapid development of urbanization results in diverse changes in sizes, amounts, and quality of surface water. To accurately extract surface water from remote sensing imagery is very important for water environment conservations and water resource management. In this study, a new Multi-Band Water Index (MBWI) for Landsat 8 Operational

Analysis of combined and isolated effects of land-use and land-cover changes and climate change on the upper Blue Nile River basin's streamflow

Understanding responses by changes in land use and land cover (LULC) and climate over the past decades on streamflow in the upper Blue Nile River basin is important for water management and water resource planning in the Nile basin at large. This study assesses the long-term trends of rainfall and streamflow and analyses the responses of steamflow to changes in LULC and climate in the upper Blue N

Changes of Grassland Rain use efficiency and NDVI in Northwestern China from 1982 to 2013 and its response to climate change

The grasslands in arid and semi-arid regions rely heavily on the use of rain, thus, improving rain use efficiency (RUE) is essential for securing sustainable development of grassland ecosystems in these areas with limited rainfall. In this study, the spatial and temporal variabilities of RUE for grassland ecosystems over Northwestern China during 1982-2013 were analyzed using the normalized differ

Estimation of lake outflow from the poorly gauged Lake Tana (Ethiopia) using satellite remote sensing data

Lake Tana is the largest lake in Ethiopia, and its lake outflowis the source of the BlueNile River that provides vital water resources for many livelihoods and downstream/international stakeholders. Therefore, it is essential to quantify and monitor the water balance of Lake Tana. However, Lake Tana is poorly gauged, with more than 50% of Lake Tana Basin being ungauged from in-situ measurements, m

Modelling glacier variation and its impact on water resource in the Urumqi Glacier No. 1 in Central Asia

Climate warming is expected to accelerate glacier retreat and shift hydrological regime, which poses great threat to regional water resources in terms of amount, variability, and quality. This is especially true in arid regions with glaciers such as the Central Asia. However, few models manage to mimic both glacier runoff and surface changes with adequate performance. To narrow this gap, we integ