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Animal models for preclinical Parkinson´s research: An update and critical appraisal

Animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) are essential to investigate pathogenic pathways at the whole-organism level. Moreover, they are necessary for a preclinical investigation of potential new therapies. Different pathological features of PD can be induced in a variety of invertebrate and vertebrate species using toxins, drugs, or genetic perturbations. Each model has a particular utility and

Fair Taxation and Corporate Social Responsibility

Taxation and CSR is becoming an ever-important concept among multinational enterprises (MNEs), but its meaning and its impact on corporations and societies are still uncertain. Despite the lack of common understanding of the meaning of responsible tax behaviour, the concept of ‘responsible tax behaviour among MNEs’ is materialising as one of the main pillars of CSR.In this anthology, internationalTaxation and CSR is becoming an ever-important concept among multinational enterprises (MNEs), but its meaning and its impact on corporations and societies are still uncertain. Despite the lack of common understanding of the meaning of responsible tax behaviour, the concept of 'responsible tax behaviour among MNEs' is materialising as one of the main pillars of CSR. In this anthology, internationa

Computer-aided optimization of complex processes in production systems and urban environments

Visst vore det fint om vi kunde producera nödvändiga kemikalier mer effektivt, förse alla människor med de läkemedel de behöver till en lägre kostnad än vad som är möjligt idag, och förhindra översvämningar i stadsmiljö? Men vad har dessa tre ting gemensamt, egentligen? Jo, att man kan optimera de olika processer som ligger bakom alla tre! Processer finns i princip överallt i världen, komplexa som eComplex processes can be seen as a series of actions, changes, and/or events that are related in different temporospatial manners, and thus are potentially difficult to understand. Optimizing such a process is therefore not necessarily a simple feat, and doing it experimentally may become both time-consuming and expensive. Computer-aided optimization therefore lends itself as a viable alternative,

Beskattning av Big Sciences - särskilt inom ramen för ERIC-konsortier

Big science är ett begrepp som utvecklats under de senaste decennierna för attbeskriva hur vetenskaplig utveckling i allt större grad knutits till storskaliga,internationella projekt som samfinansieras av länders regeringar. Internationellträknas CERN som ett av de mest framstående big science-projekten,medan ESS är Sveriges största big science-anläggning. År 2015 organiseradesESS enligt den inom

Explaining dwell time delays with passenger counts for some commuter trains in Stockholm and Tokyo

In both Stockholm and Tokyo, small dwell time delays of at most 5 min make up around 90% of the total delays for commuter trains. To understand these disturbances, we use high resolution data on dwell times and passenger counts from both countries over the last several years. We find that trains in Tokyo are much more congested than in Stockholm, and that the exchange of passengers is modest at mo

Nonlinear plasmon-exciton coupling enhances sum-frequency generation from a hybrid metal/semiconductor nanostructure

The integration of metallic plasmonic nanoantennas with quantum emitters can dramatically enhance coherent harmonic generation, often resulting from the coupling of fundamental plasmonic fields to higher-energy, electronic or excitonic transitions of quantum emitters. The ultrafast optical dynamics of such hybrid plasmon–emitter systems have rarely been explored. Here, we study those dynamics by i

Optical measurements of KOH, KCl and K for quantitative K-Cl chemistry in thermochemical conversion processes

Potassium and chlorine chemistry at high temperature is of great importance in biomass utilization through thermal conversion. In well-defined hot environments, we performed quantitative measurements of main potassium species, i.e., potassium hydroxide (KOH), potassium chloride (KCl) and K atoms, and the important radical OH. The concentrations of KOH, KCl and OH radicals were measured through a n

Performance recovery of long CsI(Tl) scintillator crystals with APD-based readout

CALIFA is the high efficiency and energy resolution calorimeter for the R3B experiment at FAIR, intended for detecting high energy light charged particles and gamma rays in scattering experiments, and is being commissioned during the Phase-0 experiments at FAIR, between 2018 and 2020. It surrounds the reaction target in a segmented configuration with 2432 detection units made of long CsI(Tl) finge

The Right to Leave any Country and the Interplay between Jurisdiction and Proportionality in Human Rights Law

This article shows the importance in human rights law of the right to leave any country, particularly in the light of increasing efforts by European countries of destination to prevent departures, and to contain movement by enrolling countries of origin and transit to act as gatekeepers. The article highlights the autonomous nature of the right and clarifies the challenges in triggering its applic

Separating Protection from the Exigencies of the Criminal Law: Achievements and Challenges under Article 4 of the European Convention on Human Rights

The chapter analyses the obligation upon states to identify migrants as victims of harm falling within the scope of Article 4 ECHR and to extend protection and assistance to them as victims independently from any criminal proceedings and from any actual or potential participation by the victims in any criminal proceedings. More specifically, the questions under investigation are the following: Is

Levothyroxine treatment is associated with an increased relative risk of overall and organ specific incident cancers – a cohort study of the Swedish population

High thyroid hormone values have been associated with an increased risk of incident cancers, especially breast cancer but also lung cancer and any solid cancers. We explored whether there is an increased risk of overall and cause-specific cancers in those receiving levothyroxine treatment. We included all individuals ≥ 18 years in Sweden (N = 8,573,313) on January 1 2009, and identified patients w

European Court of Human Rights and the Right not to be Subjected to Slavery, Servitude, Forced Labour and Human Trafficking

Against the backdrop of the rich judicial output of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the case law under Article 4 (slavery, servitude, forced labour and human trafficking) of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) is scarce. To be more precise, the existing judgments in which the Court has dealt with abuses inflicted by non-state actors (i.e. employers) reaching the level of sev

Modelling population dynamics based on experimental trials with genetically modified (RIDL) mosquitoes

Recently, the RIDL-SIT technology has been field-tested for control of Aedes aegypti. The technique consists of releasing genetically modified mosquitoes carrying a “lethal gene”. In 2016 the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) recommended to their constituent countries to test the new technologies proposed to control Aedes aegypti populations. However,