Background: Low-level processing and normalization of microarray data are most important steps in microarray analysis, which have profound impact on downstream analysis. Multiple methods have been suggested to date, but it is not clear which is the best. It is therefore important to further study the different normalization methods in detail and the nature of microarray data in general. Results: A

This is the fourth Research Seminar on Self-Desiccation in Concrete organized by the Building Materials Division of Lund University. The three previous seminars were held in 1997, 1999, and 2002.

Amplification and overexpression of the ERBB2 (HER-2/neu) oncogene has been implicated as contributing to the development of human breast cancer, and as a predictor of poor survival. In the present non-randomized study of 871 primary invasive breast tumours, ERBB2 activation was significantly correlated to a shorter disease-free and overall survival in the subgroup of patients receiving adjuvant t

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was presented for extraction and determination of Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076 and Irgafos 168 (antioxidants) in aqueous samples. Carbon tetrachloride at microliter volume level and acetonitrile were used as extraction and dispersive solvents, respectively. The main advantages

The objects of attention can be located anywhere along the causal link from the source of stimuli to the final output of the vision system. As causes, they attract and control attention, and as products, they constitute targets of analysis and explicit comments. Stimulus-driven indexing creates pointers that support fast and frugal cognition.

The potentials of in vivo electropermeabilization in combination with bleomycin in brain tumor treatment have been explored. In the brain of normal Fischer 344 rats, 2 electrodes were placed 5 mm apart. Electropermeabilization was performed with 8 to 12 exponential 400 V pulses with a time constant of 325 microseconds. Some animals were given bleomycin i.v., 1mg/kg b.w., 4 minutes before electric

Dual low-angle light scattering and refractometric detection coupled to size-exclusion chromatography provided proof for the presence of a low amount of stable aggregates/particles in ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose. Unlike the correct size-exclusion chromatographic behavior of the parent polysaccharide itself, the aggregates exhibit variable size-dependent weak retention as a function of flow-rate a

We found that the Black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) possess low numbers of Mhc class II B (BLB) and Y (YLB) genes with variable diversity and expression. We have therefore shown, for the first time, that another bird species (in this case, a wild lek-breeding galliform) shares several features of the simple Mhc of the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus). The Black grouse BLB genes showed the same level of

The incidence of post-transfusion hepatitis non-A, non-B (PTH-NANB) was prospectively assessed in two areas in the southeast region of Sweden. Patients undergoing hip arthroplasty were studied with blood sampling for alanine aminotransferase analysis before and at 2, 3, and 4 months after transfusion. Of the patients 97% and 82% were transfused and received a mean of 5.5 and 3.4 units in Linkoping

With the recent interest in the chemical, electronic and optical properties of nanometer scale metal particles, there is now interest in manufacturing these materials in larger quantities. Since both small particle size and high particle number concentrations are sought, there is a need for improved. particle generation reactors that can realize both goals. Here, results are presented for the synt

Kan man bli en bättre läsare med hjälp genom någon av alla de snabbläsningskurser och hjälpmedel för snabbläsning som florerar på marknaden? Och fungerar det i så fall även för personer med läs- och skrivsvårigheter? - I denna artikel redogör docent Kenneth Holmqvist för myter och fakta kring ögat, hjärnan och snabbläsning. Kenneth är verksam vid Institutionen för kognitionsforskning vid Lunds uni

En hälsoekonomisk utvärdering av cellprovsscreening för cervixcancer har saknats vad gäller svenska förhållanden. I en modellstudie jämfördes effekter av och kostnader för gynekologisk cellprovskontroll med och utan tillägg av test för humant papillomvirus (HPV). Med cellprovsscreening i åldern 32–60 år vart tredje till vart femte år minskar risken att insjukna i invasiv cervixcancer med 88 procen

The electronic structure of h-BN films grown on the Ni(111) surface has been studied as a function of film thickness using the synchrotron radiation based spectroscopic techniques: soft x-ray absorption, core-level photoemission and resonant Auger spectroscopy. A manifestation of the strong orbital hybridization between Ni 3d and h-BN pi states has been consistently observed in all spectra, implyi

This report deals with identification of multivariable linear systems of finite order from measurements of input-output signals when the outputs are corrupted by additive random noises. The input-output relations of such systems can be described by a vector difference equation. A canonical form for the matrix coefficients of this equation is proposed and its existence and uniqueness are shown. Thi

in this paper, the problem of diffraction of a spherical wave by a hard half-plane is considered. The starting point is the Biot-Tolstoy theory of diffraction of a spherical wave by a fluid wedge with hard boundaries. In this theory, the field at a point in the fluid is composed eventually of a geometrical part: i.e., a direct component, one or two components due to the reflections on the sides of