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Attosecond Control in Photoionization of Hydrogen Molecules

We report experiments where hydrogen molecules were dissociatively ionized by an attosecond pulse train in the presence of a near-infrared field. Fragment ion yields from distinguishable ionization channels oscillate with a period that is half the optical cycle of the IR field. For molecules aligned parallel to the laser polarization axis, the oscillations are reproduced in two-electron quantum si

Dioxygenase from Aspergillus fumigatus MC8: molecular modelling and in silico studies on enzyme-substrate interactions

Flavoenzymes have been extensively studied for their structural and mechanistic properties because they find potential application as industrial biocatalysts. They are attractive for biocatalysis because of the selectivity, controllability and efficiency of their reactions. Some of these enzymes catalyse the oxidative modification of protein substrates. Among them oxygenases (monoxoygenases and di

“Imma march’ toward Ka’ba”: Islam in Swedish hip-hop

The common history of Islam and the hip-hop culture can be traced back to the early expression of the culture. Since the early days of hip-hop, Muslims have used hip-hop to convey Islamic messages. Artists driven, in equal parts, by a strong personal belief in Islam and a love for hip-hop music have taken Islamic-themed hip-hop outside its country of birth, the U.S., and have made it into a matter

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Ab Initio Study of Cu(5+δ)In(2+x)Sb(2-x): A New B8-Related Structure Type.

A new ternary orthorhombic compound with the formula Cu(5+δ)In(2+x)Sb(2-x), crystallizing in the space group Cmc2(1) with 36 atoms per unit cell [a = 10.1813(4) Å, b = 8.4562(4) Å, c = 7.3774(2) Å, Z = 4], has been synthesized by conventional high-temperature methods. The structure is based on the B8 archetype (NiAs/Ni(2)In) and features In/Sb ordering as well as ordering of interstitial copper. D

Streptococcal M1 protein triggers chemokine formation, neutrophil infiltration, and lung injury in an NFAT-dependent manner.

Streptococcus pyogenes of the M1 serotype can cause STSS, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of NFAT signaling in M1 protein-induced lung injury. NFAT-luc mice were treated with the NFAT inhibitor A-285222 before administration of the M1 protein. Neutrophil infiltration, edema, and CXC chemokines were quantified in

LXR Driven Induction of HDL-Cholesterol is Independent of Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption and ABCA1 Protein Expression

We investigated whether: (1) liver X receptor (LXR)-driven induction of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and other LXR-mediated effects on cholesterol metabolism depend on intestinal cholesterol absorption; and (2) combined treatment with the LXR agonist GW3965 and the cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe results in synergistic effects on cholesterol metabolism that could be bene

In vivo toxicity and biodistribution of intraperitoneal and intravenous poly-L-lysine and poly-L-lysine/poly-L-glutamate in rats.

The combination of two differently charged polypeptides, poly-L-lysine (PL) and poly-L-glutamate (PG), has shown excellent postsurgical antiadhesive properties. However, the high molecular, positively charged PL is toxic in high doses, proposed as lysis of red blood cells. This study aims to elucidate the in vivo toxicity and biodistribution of PL and complex bound PLPG comparing intravenous and i

Electrostatic interactions are important for the distribution of Gd(DTPA)(2-) in articular cartilage.

The delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) method can be used to assess the content of glycosaminoglycan in cartilage. In in vitro and model studies, the content of glycosaminoglycan is often expressed in terms of a fixed charge density (FCD). Values of the fixed charge density obtained using the dGEMRIC method differs from values obtained using other methods

Immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of inhibitors in congenital haemophilia A and B - a systematic literature review

The development of inhibitory antibodies to factor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX) in patients with haemophilia is a serious complication of treatment with coagulation factor concentrates. Antibodies develop in 10-15% of haemophilia A and in up to 5% of haemophilia B patients. Several strategies have been developed over the years to facilitate the eradication of inhibitors and reduce the cost. The

Allotwinning in a molecular crystal: (1R,3S)-dimethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxylate.

Two polytypic modifications of (1R,3S)-dimethyl 2-oxocyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxylate intergrow to form allotwins. One phase shows monoclinic symmetry, Cc, while the other is orthorhombic Pmc21. The structures may be considered as two different modes of superstructure ordering of an underlying, disordered structure. Considered in the same metrically orthorhombic unit cell a = 37.8883, b = 4.7233, c =

Glucose-lowering effect of the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin after glucose and non-glucose macronutrient ingestion in non-diabetic subjects.

AIM: Recent studies suggest that the incretin concept is not restricted to glucose ingestion but relevant also after non-glucose macronutrient administration. We therefore hypothesized that raising incretin hormones reduces circulating glucose after both glucose and non-glucose macronutrient ingestion in healthy subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve healthy subjects received the dipeptidyl peptid

Soluble TNF receptors are associated with Abeta metabolism and conversion to dementia in subjects with mild cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE: There is evidence supporting that tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-signaling can induce production of beta-amyloid (Abeta) in the brain. Moreover, amyloid-induced toxicity has been shown to be dependent on TNFR-signaling. However, it is still unclear whether TNFRs are involved in the early stages of dementia. METHODS: We analyzed soluble TNFR1 and TNFR2 levels in plasma and cerebro

Pseudo-C2-Symmetric Bimetallic Bissalen Catalysts for Efficient and Enantioselective Ring-Opening of meso-Epoxides

Bimetallic catalysts have been synthesised based on Jacobsens C2-symmetric bissalen ligand. They constitute the first examples of compounds with pseuodo-C2 symmetry, owing to the presence of two different metal ions. They have been investigated in the ring-opening of meso-epoxides by trimethylsilyl azide (TMSN3). Pseudo-C2-symmetric [CrIII?Co]bissalen complexes were the best in inducing ee (9394?%

Partial migration in fishes: causes and consequences.

Partial migration, where only some individuals from a population migrate, has been widely reported in a diverse range of animals. In this paper, what is known about the causes and consequences of partial migration in fishes is reviewed. Firstly, the ultimate and proximate drivers of partial migration are reflected upon: what ecological factors can shape the evolution of migratory dimorphism? How i