Self-replication of amyloid fibrils via secondary nucleation is an intriguing physicochemical phenomenon in which existing fibrils catalyze the formation of their own copies. The molecular events behind this fibril surface-mediated process remain largely inaccessible to current structural and imaging techniques. Using statistical mechanics, computer modeling, and chemical kinetics, we show that th

HER2/ERBB2 evaluation is necessary for treatment decision-making in breast cancer (BC), however current methods have limitations and considerable variability exists. DNA copy number (CN) evaluation by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has complementary advantages for HER2/ERBB2 diagnostics. In this study, we developed a single-reaction multiplex ddPCR assay for determination of ERBB2 CN in reference to

This study explored how non-signers exploit their gestural repertoire during a process of handshape conventionalisation. We examined how communicative context, interaction and time affect the transition from iconically-motivated representations to linguistically-organised, generalised forms. 100 non-signers undertook a silent gesture-elicitation task, describing pictures in one of four conditions:

The overall aim of the research presented in this thesis was to gain increased knowledge and understanding of aspects and actors that contribute to the preconditions and outcomes for proactive health and safety managementregarding vibration exposure. The main objectives were: 1) to investigate carpenters´ perceptions of the proactive health and safety management at their work sites, and 2) to carr

IntroductionInvasive infections caused by Salmonella are a significant global health concern. This population-based study aimed to comprehensively analyze invasive Salmonella infections in South Sweden, focusing on incidence, clinical presentation, risk factors, and outcomes.MethodsThis population-based observational cohort study, conducted from 2012 to 2022, included all patients with Salmonella

BACKGROUND: Pesticides cause a wide range of deleterious health effects, including metabolic disorders. Little is known about the effects of dietary pesticide exposure on body weight (BW) change in the general population. We aimed to investigate the role of dietary pesticide exposure in BW change among NutriNet-Santé participants, focusing on potential sexual dimorphism.METHODS: Participants compl

Antibiotics that are efficacious for infectious pancreatitis are present in pancreatic exocrine secretion (PES) after intravenous administration and above minimal inhibitory concentrations. We measured concentrations of four antibiotics by tandem liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy in plasma and PES after enteral administration to juvenile pigs with jugular catheters and re-entrant pancreatic-

The use of English language as the official language in science had an undoubtable role in moving science forward but posed an extra challenge for people whose first language is not English. In this Viewpoint, six non-Native English speakers share their experience as academics, clinicians, researchers and editors who carry out the core tasks of their jobs in a second language, and suggest potentia

Background Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) may be a factor in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study is to investigate the presence and persistence of VDI in a large cohort of infants with increased risk of developing T1D, in light of the differences in local supplementation guidelines. Methods In the POInT Study, a multicentre primary prevention study between February 2018

The aim of this study was to explore the longitudinal association between reported baseline water intake and incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort (n = 25,369). Using cox proportional hazards models, we separately modelled the effect of plain and total (all water, including from food) water on CAD and type 2 diabetes risk, whilst adjusti

The anisotropic permittivity parameters of monoclinic single crystal lutetium oxyorthosilicate, Lu2SiO5 (LSO), have been determined in the terahertz spectral range. Using terahertz generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry (THz-GSE), we obtained the THz permittivities along the a, b, and c ⋆ crystal directions, which correspond to the ϵ a , ϵ b , and ϵ c ⋆ on-diagonal tensor elements. The associated

Background: Cognitive assessment for foreign-born individuals is suboptimal. The Multicultural Cognitive Examination (MCE) was developed for use in culturally, linguistically and educationally diverse populations. The MCE includes the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) and performs assessment of memory, verbal fluency, and visuospatial function. Objective: To compare the psychomet

Strong sexual selection frequently favors males that increase their reproductive success by harming females, with potentially negative consequences for natural populations. Understanding what factors modulate conflict between the sexes is hence critical to understand both the evolution of male and female phenotypes and the viability of populations in the wild. Here, we model the evolution of male

With growing interest in sustainable civil supersonic and hypersonic aviation, there is a need to model the combustion of alternative, sustainable jet fuels. This work presents numerical simulations of several related phenomena, including laminar flames, ignition, and spray flames. Two conventional jet fuels, Jet A and JP-5, and two alternative jet fuels, C1 and C5, are targeted. The laminar burni

The tribe Ithomiini (Nymphalidae: Danainae) includes nearly 400 species of butterflies distributed from Mex-ico to Northern Argentina, and adults of all species are aposematic and the main models in several Neotropical mimicry rings. The subtribe Melinaeina, a small group composed of five genera of large ithomiines, is the sister group of all remaining groups in the tribe Ithomiini. With 14 recogn

We compute the heavy quark momentum diffusion coefficient κ using QCD kinetic theory for a system going through bottom-up isotropization in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision. We find that the values of κ are within 30% from a thermal system at the same energy density. When matching for other quantities we observe considerably larger deviations. We also observe that the diffusion coeffici