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Measurement of the W boson polarization in top quark decays with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the polarization of W bosons in top quark decays, derived from t (t) over bar events with missing transverse momentum, one charged lepton and at least four jets, or two charged leptons and at least two jets. Data from pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV were collected with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity o

Reaction behavior and evolution of phases during the sintering of Ta–Al powder mixtures

Intermetallic compounds based on tantalum aluminides are of considerable interest in various industrial applications. In this work, the formation of tantalum aluminides has been studied in elemental powder mixtures containing 25, 50 and 66.7 at% Ta. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) was used to heat the samples up to 1500 K at 15 K min−1. Phase evolution was studied by heating a few sample

Source apportionment of the carbonaceous aerosol in Norway - quantitative estimates based on C-14, thermal-optical and organic tracer analysis

In the present study, source apportionment of the ambient summer and winter time particulate carbonaceous matter (PCM) in aerosol particles (PM1 and PM10) has been conducted for the Norwegian urban and rural background environment. Statistical treatment of data from thermal-optical, C-14 and organic tracer analysis using Latin Hypercube Sampling has allowed for quantitative estimates of seven diff

In Vitro Selection of RNA Aptamers Directed Against Protein E: A Haemophilus influenzae Adhesin. : a Haemophilus influenzae adhesin

Protein E (PE) of Haemophilus influenzae is a highly conserved ubiquitous surface protein involved in adhesion to and activation of epithelial cells. The host proteins-vitronectin, laminin, and plasminogen are major targets for PE-dependent interactions with the host. To identify novel inhibitory molecules of PE, we used an in vitro selection method based on systematic evolution of ligands by expo

Competitive adsorption involving phosphate and benzenecarboxylic acids on goethite-Effects of molecular structures

The competitive adsorption between phosphate and either one of seven benzenecarboxylates (benzoate, phthalate, trimellitate, trimesoate, hemimellitate, pyromellitate, and mellitate) on the surfaces of fine-particulate goethite (alpha-FeOOH) was investigated as a function of pH. The series of ligands contained Molecules with an increasing number of functional groups as well as three structural isom

Comorbidity and health-related quality of life in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attending Swedish secondary care units

Introduction: Our understanding of how comorbid diseases influence health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited and in need of improvement. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between comorbidities and HRQL as measured by the instruments EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and the COPD Assessment Test (CAT). Methods: Infor

Long-Term Cognitive Sequelae After Pediatric Brain Tumor Related to Medical Risk Factors, Age, and Sex

BACKGROUND: Young age at diagnosis and treatment with cranial radiation therapy are well studied risk factors for cognitive impairment in pediatric brain tumor survivors. Other risk factors are hydrocephalus, surgery complications, and treatment with intrathecal chemotherapy. Female gender vulnerability to cognitive sequelae after cancer treatment has been evident in some studies, but no earlier s

Protein kinase A (PKA) pathway is functionally linked to androgen receptor (AR) in the progression of prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVES: In the present study, we investigated whether the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-activated protein kinase A (PKA) pathway may regulate the expression of AR and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and whether there is a correlation between the expression of cAMP/PKA-associated genes and androgen receptors (ARs) in patients with prostate cancer (CaP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The functi

Measurements of occupancy levels in multi-family dwellings-Application to demand controlled ventilation

The occupancy level of dwellings is an important parameter to know to determine the energy efficiency, energy use and indoor air quality, especially in low-energy buildings where the user-related energy uses, such as household electricity and domestic hot water heating, are significant parts of the energy balance in a building. For residential buildings, there is a lack of occupancy level data, wh

Unveiling systematic biases in the 1D LTE excitation-ionization balance of Fe for FGK stars: a novel approach to determination of stellar parameters

We present a comprehensive analysis of different techniques available for the spectroscopic analysis of FGK stars and provide a recommended methodology which efficiently estimates accurate stellar atmospheric parameters for large samples of stars. Our analysis includes a simultaneous equivalent width analysis of Fe I and Fe II spectral lines, and for the first time, utilizes on-the-fly non-local t

Physiological mechanisms mediating costs of immune responses: what can we learn from studies of birds?

Activating the immune system has associated fitness costs, both immediate costs in the form of reduced current reproduction and long-term costs in the form of reduced life span and future reproduction. This indicates that immune system activation can be an important agent in life history trade-offs. In this review, we evaluate the importance of four currencies generally considered as potential med

Changes in amorphous silica sequestration with eutrophication of riverine impoundments

The effect of eutrophication on particulate amorphous silica (ASi) sequestration was isolated and quantified in Lake St. Croix and Lake Pepin, two natural, human-impacted impoundments of the upper Mississippi River. In contrast to impoundments behind engineered dams, where silica (Si) fluxes may be changed by various aspects of dam construction, these two riverine lakes have long (9,000+ years) se

Diabetes and Onset of Natural Menopause: Results From the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition EDITORIAL COMMENT

The age at natural menopause (ANM) in the Western world ranges from 40 to 60 years, with an average onset of 51 years. The exact mechanisms underlying the timing of ANM are not completely understood. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved. The best-established environmental factor affecting ANM is smoking; menopause occurs 1 to 2 years earlier in smokers. In addition to genetic and en

Realization of single and double axial InSb-GaSb heterostructure nanowires

Heteroepitaxial growth of III-Sb nanowires allows for the formation of various interesting complex structures and enables the combination of their remarkable properties. In this Letter, we investigate the heteroepitaxial growth of Au-seeded InSb and GaSb nanowires using metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. We demonstrate successful single and double axial InSb-GaSb heterostructures in both directions

Amoxicillin for acute lower-respiratory-tract infection in primary care when pneumonia is not suspected: a 12-country, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Background Lower-respiratory-tract infection is one of the most common acute illnesses managed in primary care. Few placebo-controlled studies of antibiotics have been done, and overall effectiveness (particularly in subgroups such as older people) is debated. We aimed to compare the benefits and harms of amoxicillin for acute lower-respiratory-tract infection with those of placebo both overall an

Efficient methods of nanoimprint stamp cleaning based on imprint self-cleaning effect.

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a nonconventional lithographic technique that promises low-cost, high-throughput patterning of structures with sub-10 nm resolution. Contamination of nanoimprint stamps is one of the key obstacles to industrialize the NIL technology. Here, we report two efficient approaches for removal of typical contamination of particles and residual resist from stamps: thermal a

Expected and actual replacement rates in the pension system of the Netherlands: how and why do they differ?

This study examines the expected retirement replacement rates (RRs) of several cohorts of Dutch employees at the time of their planned retirements. It also computes RRs based on the available pension records. We find that the expected replacement rate (E(RR)) is, in general, higher than the ones we compute. Larger discrepancies are found for younger cohorts and for individuals with less education

Measurement of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavor hadron decays in pp collisions at root s=2.76 TeV

The p(T)-differential production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of heavy-flavor hadrons has been measured at midrapidity in proton-proton collisions at root s = 2.76 TeV in the transverse momentum range 0.5 < p(T) < 12 GeV/c with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The analysis was performed using minimum bias events and events triggered by the electromagnetic calorimeter. Predicti