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Roflumilast increases bacterial load and dissemination in a model of Pseudomononas aeruginosa airway infection

Exacerbations present a major clinical problem in many patients suffering from COPD. Roflumilast, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4, has beneficial effects in several clinical trials and is currently widely used to prevent exacerbations in severe COPD. Roflumilast has anti-inflammatory properties that may interfere with potentially important host defense functions, including cytotoxic properties

Hepatic inflow occlusion increases the efficacy of interstitial laser-induced thermotherapy in rat

Interstitial laser-induced thermotherapy (ILT) destroys tumors thermally, ILT was performed for treatment of liver tumors in rats to investigate the effect of hepatic inflow occlusion on temperature distribution and lesion size. Tumors were irradiated for 20 min with near-infrared light from a neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, The laser light at a power of 1.5 W was delivered throu

Orthostatic Hypotension Predicts Incidence of Heart Failure: The Malmö Preventive Project.

BackgroundThe presence of orthostatic hypotension (OH) predicts all-cause mortality and incident cardiovascular disease. Whether or not OH is associated with the development of heart failure (HF) remains unknown.MethodsIn this Swedish population-based prospective study (the Malmö Preventive Project), the incidence of HF in relation to baseline OH, defined as decrease in systolic (SBP) >/=20 mm Hg

Resolution of evolutionary conflicts: costly behaviours enforce the evolution of cost-free competition

A resolution model for evolutionary conflicts of interest is proposed. We assume that two conflicting parties originally have different evolutionarily stable strategies (ESS) with respect to a continuous variable, but that only one value of the variable is simultaneously possible. Individuals from the two parties meet in antagonistic encounters. The side that invests more in the antagonistic behav

Automated Bone Scan Index as a quantitative imaging biomarker in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients being treated with enzalutamide.

Having performed analytical validation studies, we are now assessing the clinical utility of the upgraded automated Bone Scan Index (BSI) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated the discriminatory strength of the automated BSI in predicting overall survival (OS) in mCRPC patients being treated with enzalutamide.

Social Characterology. From the Protestant Ethic, via the Social Ethic, to the Hacker Ethic

Starting out from Max Weber's "The Protestant Ethic" the article focuses on a number of authors – David Riesman, William H. Whyte, Daniel Bell and Pekka Himanen – who have used that book as a reference point in their endeavours to capture the spirit of their time. Key themes in the article are ways of life, the formation of social character and charcterological struggle.

Reviewing, assessing and speculating

A concise assessment is made of the scientific and technical programme of the 7th IAWQ Workshop on Instrumentation, Control and Automation of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems. Although progress has been made in certain areas, others are identified as crucial targets for further research and development.

Primary Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess with Metastatic Spread to Lung and Eye, a North-European Case Report of an Emerging Syndrome.

A syndrome of community acquired liver abscess caused by highly virulent hypermucoviscous, rmpA positive Klebsiella pneumoniae strains occurs with high incidence in Asia. We here report a case complicated by metastatic infection, to our knowledge, the first one described in Northern Europe. This and other recently reported cases indicate the emergence of this severe syndrome outside of Asia.

On some microlocal properties of the range of a pseudo-differential operator of principal type

The purpose of this thesis is to obtain microlocal analogues of results by L. Hörmander about inclusion relations between the ranges of first order differential operators with smooth coefficients which fail to be locally solvable. Using similar techniques, we shall study the properties of the range of classical pseudo-differential operators of principal type which fail to satisfy condition (ψ).

Lactate concentration in umbilical cord blood is gestational age-dependent: a population-based study of 17 867 newborns.

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of gestational age on lactate concentration in arterial and venous umbilical cord blood at birth and to define gestational age-specific reference values for lactate in vigorous newborns. DESIGN: Population-based comparative. SETTING: University hospitals. SAMPLE: Vigorous newborns with validated umbilical cord blood samples. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 2000 to 2004

Tonsillar ectopia in idiopathic scoliosis: does it play a role in the pathogenesis and prognosis or is it only an incidental finding?

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There is an ongoing controversy about the significance of tonsillar ectopia among patients with idiopathic scoliosis (IS). AIM: To find out if tonsillar ectopia occurs more frequently among patients with IS and if it plays any etiological or prognostic role in IS. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 155 consecutive spine MRIs (79 patients wit