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This thesis describes the physical chemistry of softwood kraft lignin in aqueous alkaline solutions. Both fundamental and applicational aspects are discussed. Kraft lignin originates either from pulp fibres or from black liquor produced by kraft cooking. In wood, the lignin is an anionic macromolecular colloid of relatively high molecular mass that is gradually depolymerised under the kraft cook.

This paper presents the manufacturing experience of an outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine with four different stators. The advantageous features of powder technology and molding techniques are tested when constructing and manufacturing the stators for a 28-pole 30-slot machine. The selected machine configuration is taking advantages of the concept of the modular windings and at the s

In 1986, Thames Television broadcast a series of programmes on British cinema. In one of them, dedicated to the Free Cinema documentary movement of the 1950s, and the new wave of films it triggered in Britain in the 1960s, 70s, and 80s (particularly Anderson’s own), Lindsay Anderson took the opportunity to ridicule the prominent box office and Academy Award success of Chariots of Fire, which premi

Popular Abstract in Swedish På grund av befolkningsutvecklingen de närmaste åren kommer långt fler äldre människor än idag att bo kvar i vanliga bostäder, även om de särskilda boendeformerna byggts ut i snabb takt. För att underlätta kvarboende måste den fysiska boendemiljön motsvara de krav som ställs på grund av åldersförändringar och då hjälpbehov uppkommer. Arbetsterapeuter har, bl a genom erfThe general aim of this thesis was to explore relationships between functional capacity, environmental factors, everyday activity, and health in the elderly population. Initially, the Enabler, an instrument for assessment of the physical home environment's accessibility, was translated to Swedish and revised, and tested for reliability and validity. Further, a systematic random sample of individua

Abstract in Italian La prostituzione non è mai stata oggetto di penalizzazione nel diritto svedese. Tuttavis, l'acquisto di prestazioni sessuali è sanzionato penalmente. È quindi il cliente che commette un reato, mentre la prostituta non è punita come concorrente. La disciplina non fa differenze di genere e rende punibile anche il tentativo. La pena massima per tale reato è (dal 2011) di un anno d

We consider demand response solutions having the capability to monitor different variables at users' premises, like presence and temperature, and to control individual appliances. We focus on the optimal control of the appliances during time periods where the available capacity is not enough to satisfy the demand generated by houses operating freely. We propose an approach to define the utility of

The problem addressed in this paper is how to allocate the environmental aspect of transports to the cargo transported. The cargo type was limited to high volume, low value cargo. The problem was also addressed from a transport purchasing perspective. The research was both case study inspired as well as action research oriented. The model was developed in a company where the researcher actively pa

Alltsedan det kalla kriget slutade har försvarssektorn, framförallt militär logistik och försvarsmaterielanskaffning, genomgått en genomgripande transformation. Flera faktorer har bidragit till transformationen: förändringar i länders och organisationers försvars- och säkerhetspolitik; reducerade försvarsbudgetar; deltagande i fredsbevarande och fredsframtvingande operationer; erfarenheter från deSince the ending of the Cold War, the defence sector, particularly the areas of military logistics and defence acquisition, has been undergoing a comprehensive transformation. There are several factors that explain this transformation: changes in defence and security policies for nations and organisations; reductions in defence expenditure; participation in Peace Support Operations; Lessons Learne

We investigate the effects of fracture- and inclusion-induced seismic anisotropy in a carbonate reservoir rock and the resulting influence this anisotropy may have on surface seismic data. Whole-core velocity measurements made on a carbonate sample from the Gulf of Mexico show evidence of elastic anisotropy. Constraints on the style of this anisotropy are obtained from comparisons with effective m