Fe-S clusters, essential cofactors needed for the activity of many different enzymes, are assembled by conserved protein machineries inside bacteria and mitochondria. As the architecture of the human machinery remains undefined, we co-expressed in Escherichia coli the following four proteins involved in the initial step of Fe-S cluster synthesis: FXN42-210 (iron donor); [NFS1]·[ISD11] (sulfur dono

Osteoporosis is defined as low bone density, and results in a markedly increased risk of skeletal fractures. It has been estimated that about 40% of all women above 50 years old will suffer from an osteoporotic fracture leading to hospitalization. Current osteoporosis diagnostics is largely based on statistical tools, using epidemiological parameters and bone mineral density (BMD) measured with du

The Arctic is facing major environmental changes impacting marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. One way of assessing the responses of an ecosystem to these changes is to quantitatively study food web dynamics. Here, we used stable isotope (δ15N and δ13C) analyses of 39 Arctic marine species to investigate trophic relationships and isotopic niches of the West Greenland food web in 2000–20

This article focuses on coordination between governance actors in higher education. The object of the study is a department at a public university, seen as a multi-project environment. The purpose of this article is to illustrate and analyze project governance as a tool that allows departmental management to coordinate with the authorities, the board and the management at different levels at the u

Handboken har utarbetats som hjälp för intressenter i byggbranschen att tillämpa Eurokodsystemet på murade konstruktioner. Handboken avses bli ett stöd för projektörer och byggare som varit vana vid att använda nationella svenska byggregler, som BKR, i samband med projekt som uppförs i Sverige. Men handboken kan också vara till nytta för bedömning från beställar- och myndighetssidan av projekt som

Inom fysiken används ofta hårda sfärer som modellsystem för att beskriva beteenden och strukturer hos grundläggande byggstenar såsom atomer och molekyler. Dessa sfärer kan ses som en samling biljardbollar och kan därav bara organiseras på ett begränsat antal sätt. Med den ökade förståelsen för många komplexa fysikaliska fenomen och den snabbt växande utvecklingen av nya material behövs modellsysteSoft and deformable ionic microgels such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid), PNIPAM-co-AA, microgels have shown to be a versatile alternative to the already well-established hard sphere model systems. Their tuneable interaction potential makes them well suited as model systems to study the phase behaviour found for particles interacting via a soft isotropic potential. This stems from t

The aim of this study is to understand the mechanisms behind the diffusion of fired bricks in Hellenistic Europe, initiated in the north Aegean in the 4th century BC. To this end, a social diffusion model is used to simulate the available archaeological data pertaining to this process. The starting point in the construction of the model is the assumption that different categories of people contrib

This work is the result of an interest in realizing a study about the difficulties that Swedish students encounter when learning Spanish as a foreign language, levels A2, B1 and B2, when choosing between the tenses the imperfect and the preterit in state verbs and achievement verbs. To obtain material for this study, three different tasks were used. In the first one, the students received a story

In the aftermath of the Arab Spring, conflicts in Egypt and Tunisia over the authority to rule and the role of religion in society raised questions about these societies’ capacity for reconciling differences. In retrospect, the conflicts also raise questions about the theoretical tools used to analyse regional developments. In particular, the ‘post-Islamism’ thesis has significantly changed the de

Orphan drugs designed to treat rare diseases are often overpriced per patient. Novel treatments are sometimes even more expensive for patients with ultra-rare diseases, in part due to the limited number of patients. Pharmaceutical companies that develop a patented life-saving drug are in a position to charge a very high price, which, at best, may enable these companies to further develop drugs for

Diversity in lifestyles and socioeconomic status among European populations, and recent socio-political and economic changes in transitional countries, may affect changes in adiposity. We aimed to determine whether change in the prevalence of obesity varies between the socio-politically transitional North-East European (Łódź, Poland; Szeged, Hungary; Tartu, Estonia), and the non-transitional Medit

Background: Migration from Thailand to Sweden has increased threefold over the last 10 years. Today Thailand is one of the most common countries of origin among immigrants in Sweden. Since the year 2000, new HIV cases are also more prevalent among Thai immigrants compared to other immigrant nationalities in Sweden. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between knowledge and

Unveiling the determinants for transferase and hydrolase activity in glycoside hydrolases would allow using their vast diversity for creating novel transglycosylases, thereby unlocking an extensive toolbox for carbohydrate chemists. Three different amino acid substitutions at position 220 of a GH1 β-glucosidase from Thermotoga neapolitana caused an increase of the ratio of transglycosylation to hy

As the world's population ages, the prevalence of osteoporosis and its resultant fragility fractures is set to increase dramatically. This chapter focuses on current frameworks and major initiatives related to the implementation of fracture liaison services (FLS) and orthogeriatrics services (OGS), Models of Care designed to reliably implement secondary fracture prevention measures for individuals

Background: Type I sensitizations and atopic dermatitis (AD) often appear in the same patient. Beneficial effects of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) in patients with bothADand type I allergies have been reported. The predisposing role of AD to the development of type IV sensitization is discussed. Whether ASIT for type I allergy also influences type IV allergies is unknown. Objectives: To c

Statins are beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but these lipid-lowering drugs are associated with increased incidence of new on-set diabetes. The cellular mechanisms behind the development of diabetes by statins are elusive. Here we have treated mice on normal diet (ND) and high fat diet (HFD) with rosuvastatin. Under ND rosuvastatin lowered blood glucose through improved

Purpose: To compare the earliest detection of progression in visual fields and monoscopic optic disc photographs at different stages of manifest glaucoma. Methods: This study evaluated 306 eyes in 249 patients with manifest open-angle glaucoma included in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial (EMGT). All patients in the trial were followed up regularly by standard automated perimetry and monoscopic op

Background/Objectives A cascade of gene activations under the control of Notch signalling is required during T-cell specification, when T-cell precursors gradually lose the potential to undertake other fates and become fully committed to the T-cell lineage.We elucidate how the gene/protein dynamics for a core transcriptional module governs this important process by computational means. Methods We