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Laser diagnostics for the study of heterogeneous catalysis

In heterogeneous catalysis the reactions occur on the surface of a catalyst. To understand the reaction pathways, a detailed understanding on an atomic level is critical. However, the gas atmosphere surrounding the surface dictates the interaction between the surface and the gas. At low pressures this is often neglected, but as the community turns to higher pressures it becomes important to consid

Recent development of methods based on structured illumination for combustion studies

Structured illumination is an imaging method most commonly employed within the field of microscopy. However, recently the technique has spread into other scientific fields, such as for combustion research, where it has revealed new measurement opportunities. This paper describes how structured illumination can be employed for spray- and combustion research and highlights some of the recent progres

New data-driven estimation of terrestrial CO2 fluxes in Asia using a standardized database of eddy covariance measurements, remote sensing data, and support vector regression

The lack of a standardized database of eddy covariance observations has been an obstacle for data-driven estimation of terrestrial CO2 fluxes in Asia. In this study, we developed such a standardized database using 54 sites from various databases by applying consistent postprocessing for data-driven estimation of gross primary productivity (GPP) and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE). Data-driven est

Thermometry in porous media using GASMAS - a feasibility study

The line shape of an absorption line from molecular oxygen enclosed in the pores of a ceramic material has been studied at different temperatures. By evaluating the line width it is feasible to extract temperature information of the gas inside porous scattering materials.

The interactive effect of demographic and clinical factors on hippocampal volume : A multicohort study on 1958 cognitively normal individuals

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by hippocampal atrophy. Other factors also influence the hippocampal volume, but their interactive effect has not been investigated before in cognitively healthy individuals. The aim of this study is to evaluate the interactive effect of key demographic and clinical factors on hippocampal volume, in contrast to previous studies frequently investigating these fa

Effects of exhaust gas recirculation at various loads on diesel engine performance and exhaust particle size distribution using four blends with a research octane number of 70 and diesel

Partially premixed combustion using gasoline-like fuels on compression ignition engines shows great potentials to break the soot-nitrogen oxides trade off and reduce both emissions simultaneously. By simply adjusting the dilution strategies and injection events, the control of partially premixed combustion is relatively easier compared to other low-temperature combustion concepts. However despite

The reconnaissance drought index : A method for detecting regional arid climatic variability and potential drought risk

The impact of climate variability on water demand and availability in drylands is substantial. Establishing methods to analyse precipitation (P) and evapotranspiration data sets may generate useful tools that assist in drought recognition and regional variations therein. The authors developed an index that simultaneous integrates both these variables in climate variability analysis. This study pro

Predictive Modeling in Musculoskeletal Mechanobiology

This chapter provides an overview of the main concepts in mechanobiology and touches upon the experimental models that are most frequently used to study mechanobiology on a cell and tissue level. It focuses on the use of computational techniques and algorithms to simulate mechanobiological processes, and their prospective potential in clinical applications. It covers how computational algorithms h

Secret cousins : Analogies in the construction of religious authority through "science" in Maurice Bucaille and Claude Vorilhon (Raël)

In this paper I discuss the work of two French authors who advocate a "scientific" exegesis of sacred scriptures: physician Maurice Bucaille (1922-1998) and religious leader Claude Vorilhon (alias Raël, b. 1946). Bucaille argues that the Qur'an's divine origin is demonstrated by its accuracy about natural phenomena and "scientific facts," whereas the Bible does not stand up to "scientific" examina

Do Equal Rights for a Minority Affect General Life Satisfaction?

While previous research examines how institutions matter for general life satisfaction and how specific institutions embodying equal rights for gay people matter for the life satisfaction of gays, we combine these two issues to analyze how the latter type of institutions relates to general life satisfaction. The question is how people in general are affected by laws treating everyone equally irres

Efficient Software Implementation of Stream Programs

The way we use computers and mobile phones today requires large amounts of processing of data streams. Examples include digital signal processing for wireless transmission, audio and video coding for recording and watching videos, and noise reduction for the phone calls. These tasks can be performed by stream programs—computer programs that process streams of data. Stream programs can be composed