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Protein reconstitution and three-dimensional domain swapping: Benefits and constraints of covalency

The phenomena of protein reconstitution and three-dimensional domain swapping reveal that highly similar structures can be obtained whether a protein is comprised of one or more polypeptide chains. In this review, we use protein reconstitution as a lens through which to examine the range of protein tolerance to chain interruptions and the roles of the primary structure in related features of prote

Negative neurofilament light and tau immunostaining in frontotemporal dementia

We investigated the immunohistochemical stainability of phosphorylated tau and the light (NFL), intermediate (NFM), and heavy (NFH) neurofilament proteins in postmortem brain tissue from 8 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), for comparison with 6 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 6 normal controls. In the FTD group, the neuropathological diagnosis was pure frontal-lobe degenerat

Blood pharmacokinetics of various monoclonal antibodies labeled with a new trifunctional chelating reagent for simultaneous conjugation with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid and biotin before radiolabeling.

Purpose: Knowledge of the blood pharmacokinetics of monoclonal antibodies is crucial in deciding the optimal time for starting the administration of a "clearing agent"or using a "clearing device." The primary purpose was to investigate whether the pharmacokinetics of various antibodies labeled with the same chelator and In-111 differed significantly after i.v. injection in immunocompetent rats. A

Quantifying male attractiveness and mating behaviour through phenotypic size manipulation in the trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata

Although many studies have examined the effects of male size on attractiveness and mating behaviour, few have taken genetic background into consideration. Phenotypic manipulation permits the experimental adjustment of morphological traits while keeping genetic background constant. Here, male guppies, Poecilia reticulata, an ideal model for this type of manipulation, were raised at different temper

Interactions between family members and staff in intensive care units-An observation and interview study.

Background: Research about interactions between family members and staff are sparse, although family members’ needs and experiences in intensive care units are well researched areas. Aim: The aim was to describe and interpret interactions between family members and staff in intensive care units. Methods: Interviews (n=24) with family members and repeated observations of interactions of family me

Molecular engineering of biotin-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 fusion protein (Biotin-GAD65) for non-radioactive GAD65 antibody assay

We constructed biotinylated fusion proteins that linked to three detection tags to GAD65 at the N-terminus, and expressed them in an E. coli expression system. The Biotin14-GAD65 protein exhibited the strongest binding to both the GAD65 antibody and the streptavidin among the three constructs. We describe the optimal conditions using a Biotin14-GAD65-based immunoassay for the detection of GAD65 an

Syntax and morphology in language attrition. A study of five bilingual, expatriate Swedes

This paper explores the attrition of different aspects of Swedish grammar. Empirical data from five bilingual expatriate students, who have lost parts of their first language due to a deactualization of Swedish, are compared to data from monolingual Swedish aphasic patients. The results indicate that some aspects of the grammar may be more affected than others in language attrition. The bilingual

Charge transfer dynamics at model metal-organic solar cell surfaces

The "core-hole clock" implementation of resonant photoemission has been used to investigate the charge-transfer dynamics of bi-isonicotinic acid molecules (4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine) adsorbed on a rutile TiO2(110) surface containing varying densities of gold islands. In the presence of, nominally, a few monolayers of gold there exists a strong coupling between the adsorbed molecules and the s

Co-morbidity of cystic fibrosis and celiac disease in Scandinavian cystic fibrosis patients

Background: The co-morbidity of cystic fibrosis (CF) and celiac disease (CD) has been reported sporadically since the 1960s. To our knowledge, this is the first time a systematic screening is performed in a large cohort of CF patients. Methods: Transglutaminase-IgA (TGA), endomysium-IgA (EMA) and total IgA in serum were measured in 790 CF patients (48% females, 86% with pancreatic insufficiency).

Mondini-like malformation mimicking otosclerosis and superior semicircular canal dehiscence.

In 2003, it was reported that superior semicircular canal dehiscence can mimic otosclerosis because of low-frequency bone conduction hearing gain and dissipation of air-conducted acoustic energy through the dehiscence. We report the case of a 17-year-old girl with left-sided combined hearing loss thought to be due to otosclerosis. Bone conduction thresholds were -10 dB at 250 and 500 Hz and she ha

Bacillus subtilis ResA is a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase involved in cytochrome c synthesis

Covalent attachment of heme to apocytochromes c in bacteria occurs on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane and requires two reduced cysteinyls at the heme binding site. A constructed ResA-deficient Bacillus subtilis strain was found to lack c-type cytochromes. Cytochrome c synthesis was restored in the mutant by: (i) in trans expression of resA; (ii) deficiency in BdbD, a thioldisulfide oxidore

Beta cell adaptation to dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in rats involves increased glucose responsiveness but not glucose effectiveness

Islet beta cell adaptation to dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance was characterized with respect to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and islet innervation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected daily with dexamethasone (2 mg/kg for 12 days), which resulted in hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia compared with controls (which were injected with sodium chloride). Insulin secretion was charac

The MAP kinase substrate MKS1 is a regulator of plant defence responces

Arabidopsis MAP kinase 4 (MPK4) functions as a regulator of pathogen defense responses, because it is required for both repression of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent resistance and for activation of jasmonate (JA)-dependent defense gene expression. To understand MPK4 signaling mechanisms, we used yeast two-hybrid screening to identify the MPK4 substrate MKS1. Analyses of transgenic plants and genome

Effects of a lipid lowering fibrate and hormone replacement therapy on serum lipids and lipoproteins in overweight postmenopausal women with elevated triglycerides.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women after menopause. In essence major risk factors for CVD are similar in women as for men inclusive of serum lipid perturbations. The effects of estrogens and hormone replacement therapy on lipid metabolism is widely discussed and warrant further evaluation especially when combined with other lipid lowering drugs. STUDY D

Seropositivity to Helicobacter pylori heat shock protein 60 is strongly associated with intensity of chronic inflammation, particularly in antrum mucosa: an extension of an 18-year follow-up study of chronic gastritis in Saaremaa, Estonia

Helicobacter pylori is a cause of chronic gastritis and leads to development of atrophy in some cases. There is evidence that the heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) of H. pylori is involved in induction of chronic inflammation. Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to H. pylori HSP60 in an adult cohort from Saaremaa, Estonia (68 persons, median age 57 years), with a high prevalence of antibodies to cell sur