Icke-skadliga virusinfektioner i grönalger På cellnivå är den klassiska virusinfektionen en rättfram process: En värdcell infekteras. Virusets gener tar över och styr värdcellens maskineri för bland annat transkription (DNA-kopiering) och translation (proteinproduktion), därmed tvingas värdcellen producera nya virioner (viruspartiklar). När tillräckligt många virioner tillverkats så aktiveras andThe common way in which algal virus-host systems are discovered is when an algal culture collapses due to the virus-induced lysis. Therefore, the presence of a viral infection in a seemingly healthy culture of Chlamydomonas sp. is an oddity. This study describes such an infection in an algal sample from Örsjön, a lake in southern Sweden, sustained in culture for over six years with no observed adv

Moderns immunsystem vid värkarbete och havandeskapsförgiftning Immunsystemet är uppbyggt av immunceller samt små molekyler som skickar signaler mellan dem. När immuncellerna stöter på något som de inte känner igen tolkas detta som farligt, vilket resulterar i att de aktiveras och försöker döda det som invaderar oss. Graviditet är spännande ur detta perspektiv då ett foster är till hälften uppbyggPregnancy is an immunological conundrum as the semi-allogenic fetus is tolerated concurrently as the mother and fetus are protected against pathogens. Systemic and local immunological alterations are a vital part of healthy pregnancy, and a possible contributor to gestational diseases. This study aimed to characterize peripheral, intervillous and decidual maternal immune cells during healthy labor

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregations and loss of dopaminergic neurons. The cause for PD is still being researched but neuroinflammation has gained increasing awareness. Polymorphism in class II, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator (Ciita), which regulates major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) ex

Breathing without oxygen: Lateral gene transfer from protists could enable freshwater sponges to adapt to hypoxia As humans, our existence is conditioned by oxygen. The complex mechanisms that keep our cells alive and functioning depend on this molecule and our metabolic processes would not be possible without it. Although we could not even survive in environments without oxygen, some organisms h

Förbättrad sortering av plast på återvinningscentraler är nödvändig för omställningen till ett fossilfritt samhälle Världen står framför den kanske största utmaningen någonsin – den globala uppvärmningen. För att klara FN:s klimatmål om att begränsa temperaturökningen till under två grader krävs det att vi ställer om till ett fossilfritt samhälle. En del i att uppnå detta är att öka materialåtervReducing plastic waste incineration is crucial for Sweden’s transition to a carbon neutral society in 2045. To achieve this goal, it is essential to increase the material recycling of plastics. The availability of recyclable plastics depends on the private individual’s participation in sorting their plastic waste at the municipal recycling centres. Currently, the sorting quality of the rigid plast

Idag återfinns sexistiska kommentarer på sociala medieplattform, trots att företagen bakom har regler för vad som får publiceras. Sexism är ett strukturellt problem som kan påverka kvinnor negativt, både fysiskt och psykiskt och kan leda till självcensur. Ge- nom en kvalitativ textanalys syftar denna uppsats att testa om tre principer kan användas för att analysera om sexistiska kommentarer från FToday, sexist comments can be found on social media platforms, despite social media companies having rules on what is allowed to be published. Sexism is a structural prob- lem which can negatively affect women, both physically and mentally, and could lead to self-censorship. Through a qualitative text analysis, this essay aims to investigate whether sexist comments from Facebook and Instagram are

Energy for heating and cooling purposes is essential for many industrial processes, as well as something we all rely on to provide us with warm water and a pleasant indoor climate. As much as half of all energy consumed in the EU is used for heating and cooling [1]. District heating and cooling grids are common ways in which the energy is delivered and distributed, and due to the large quantities

Olagliga transaktioner i form av bland annat penningtvätt, insiderhandel och marknadsmanipulation är stora problem som ofta glöms bort. Bara under 2020 tvättades 1.6 biljoner dollar världen över, motsvarande 2.7\% av världens totala BNP. Insiderhandel och marknadsmanipulation bidrar till misstro för marknaden vilket gör att den till lägre grad kan allokera pengar till företag från investerare då fIllegal transactions in the form of money laundering, insider trading and market manipulation is a major problem that is often forgotten. In the year of 2020, 1.6 trillion dollars were successfully laundered, corresponding to 2.7\% of the world's total GDP. Insider trading and market manipulation contribute to mistrust of the market, resulting in worse capital distribution from investors to co

This paper investigates the best methods for modeling hourly profiles in the German energy market for the period between 2018 and 2022. Modeling emphasized variable renewable energy (VRE) and included information on the level of energy production, oil price, COVID lockdowns, and historic hourly energy spot prices. Previous research on energy prices has focused on interpretable models; while invest

Malaria är en sjukdom som orsakas av parasiter av plasmodium släktet och överförs mellan människor av myggor. Då myggan biter en malariasmittad människa och förtär dess blod så innehåller detta blod parasiter som i senare sprids ifrån myggans mage och vidare till dess salivkörtlar. När myggan vid ett senare tillfälle biter en frisk människa, överförs parasiten från salivkörtlarna till människans bMalaria is a massive global health crisis that is most prevalent in tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated in 2013 that 3.3 billion people were at risk of being infected by the disease, resulting in around 200 million cases with more than 500 000 of these cases leading to lethal outcome. Africa was by far the most affected by the disease

What does memory look like? explores whether a nordic collective and cultural memory can be observed through carefully selected artworks created by five contemporary Nordic artists. Leveraging the theoretical collective/communicative and cultural memory frameworks of Professor of English and Literary Studies Aleida Assman, and Professor of Cultural Studies Jan Assman. The main focus when analyzing

OMotion AB is developing a new model of their vehicle that will house a more powerful motor than the current model, which uses a hub motor in the rear wheel. The motor will be mounted behind the seats in the rear of the vehicle, entailing that drive by either chain or belt will be necessary. This poses a few challenges, but also facilitates beneficial adjustments to vehicle dynamics. This project

In the recent years the world of electronics has faced the fact that Moore's law and Dennard scaling do not describe the progress of performance and integration of integrated circuits anymore. Alongside the costs of reducing the physical dimensions of the transistors another problem that is faced by the current technology is the limited power efficiency and memory bandwidth that results from a

Dagens utbildningssystem behöver ha större fokus på kreativt främjande om nästa generation ska få en god framtid. Människan behöver använda fantasi och kreativ förmåga till innovation för att kunna möta en oförutsägbar framtid, men problemet är att rådande utbildningssystem inte möter dessa behov. Syftet med studien har varit att synliggöra problem och möjligheter med teaterbesök för att således u

The goal of this project was to investigate the effect and interplay of formulation and processing parameters on the colloidal stability of emulsified triacylglycerols from a product quality perspective. Different methods to quantify and monitor this effect over time were evaluated. The results of this study were intended to lead to the development of industry relevant recommendations to optimise

Frost formation in heat exchangers is an often accruing issue in cold climates. The aim of the project is to calculate the risk of frost formation in different Swedish cities by modeling vapor and frost behavior in heat exchangers.

Det sen-Triassiska massutdöendet (STM) var ett av de fem stora massutdöenden i Fanerozoikum och inträffade för omkring 201 miljoner år sedan. Forskningen är enig om att utdöendet orsakades av vulkanutbrotten associerade med bildandet av den Centralatlantiska magmatiska provinsen (CAMP), som är kopplade till uppbrottet av superkontinenten Pangea. De omfattande vulkaniska utsläppen av CO2 och SO2 leThe end-Triassic mass extinction (ETE) was one of the five big mass extinctions of the Phanerozoic and occurred ~201 Ma ago. Research agrees that the main triggering factor for the ETE was the eruptions of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Volcanic Province (CAMP), linked to the break-up of the supercontinent Pangaea. The large amounts of CO2 and SO2 released from the volcanic eruptions had a series o

Through recent years, RNA has rapidly gone from mainly being known as a passive information-carrying molecule within the central dogma of molecular biology to becoming the active ingredient in multiple therapeutics, such as in vaccines and potential drugs against cancer. However, one of the main challenges with RNA as a therapeutic is efficient delivery to cells. Understanding the mechanism throug