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Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to investigate relationships between workarounds (solutions to handling trade-offs between competing or misaligned goals and gaps in policies and procedures), perceived trade-offs, information security (IS) policy compliance, IS expertise/knowledge and IS demands. Design/methodology/approach-The research purpose is addressed using survey data from a nationwide

Re-framing is the process by which a person “fills the gap” between what is expected and what has been observed, that is, to try and make sense of what is going on following a surprise. It is an active and adaptive process guided by expectations, which are based on knowledge and experience. In this article, surprise situations in cockpit operations are examined by investigating the re-framing proc

This paper describes the approach taken and the results to develop guidance, to include Resilience Engineering principles in methodology for safety assessment of functional changes, in Air Traffic Management (ATM). It summarizes the process of deriving resilience principles for ATM, originating from Resilience Engineering concepts and transposed into ATM operations. These principles are the founda

Despite the desire to utilize proactive safety metrics, research results indicate imbalances can arise between economic performance metrics and safety metrics. Imbalances can arise, first, because there are fewer proactive metrics available relative to the data an organization can compile to build reactive metrics. Second, there are a number of factors that lead organizations to discount proactive

Contemporary crisis management studies often make use of the concept of resilience. However, resilience as a term has a wide variety of meanings and has been criticized as lacking operationalization and empirical validation. The current study aimed to link resilience concepts to observable behaviour within a disaster medicine management system. Resilience concepts, captured in so-called capability

Resilience has in recent decades been introduced as a term describing a new perspective within the domains of disaster management and safety management. Several theoretical interpretations and definitions of the essence of resilience have been proposed, but less work has described how to operationalise resilience and implement the concept within organisations. This case study describes the impleme

The development of the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) has been motivated by the perceived limitations of fundamentally deterministic and probabilistic approaches to understand complex systems’ behaviour. Congruent with the principles of Resilience Engineering, over recent years the FRAM has been progressively developed in scientific terms, and increasingly adopted in industrial enviro

Emergency responders at the local community level are the prime actors concerning emergency management. It has been claimed that information systems have considerable potential to support emergency management. However, development of such systems is demanding, due to the complexity of emergency management. The ability to be able to reveal the stakeholders' needs for support are essential for succe

This booklet is the product of the research project titled "Principles of Circular Economy aimed at designing a Sustainable Food Business Model. Case study Universidad Santo Tomás, Villavicencio," and compiles the joint purpose involved in processes of educating for responsible consumption. It prompts us to ask: Where does our food come from and where does it go? And whom do we benefit with our co

Managing complexity and uncertainty in high-risk sociotechnical systems requires people to continuously adapt. Designing resilient systems that support adaptive behavior requires a deepened understanding of the context in which adaptations take place, of conditions and enablers to implement these adaptations, and of their effects on the overall system. Also, it requires a focus on how people actua

Accident models and analysis methods affect what accident investigators look for, which contributory factors are found, and which recommendations are issued. This paper contrasts the Sequentially Timed Events Plotting (STEP) method and the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) for accident analysis and modelling. The main issue addressed in this paper is the comparison of the established mul

This paper addresses the roles of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in training for effective emergency management and inter-organisational coordination. Collocation can encourage the development of common ground and trust and, in turn, result in greater efficiency and effectiveness. We expect to find communication and artefact use during collocated training that cannot readily transf

This paper is concerned with simple human performance “laws of action” for three classes of tasks—pointing, crossing, and steering, as well as their applications in Virtual Reality research. In comparison to Fitts' law of pointing, the “law of steering”— the quantitative relationship between human temporal performance and the movement path's spatial characteristics—has been notably under investiga

Control of network systems with uncertain local dynamics has remained an open problem for a long time. In this paper, a distributed minimax adaptive control algorithm is proposed for such networks whose local dynamics has an uncertain parameter possibly taking finite number of values. To hedge against this uncertainty, each node in the network collects the historical data of its neighbouring nodes

This study is a follow-up investigation of the influence of the alloying elements Nd and La on the corrosionCorrosionby immersionImmersion of an extruded and heat-treated Mg10Gd. The previous study made clear that the age-hardened condition has the lowest corrosion rateCorrosion Rate but high pitting corrosionPitting corrosion susceptibility. The extruded Mg10Gd(1Nd)1La shows the lowest pitting fa

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a conserved eukaryotic quality control mechanism which triggers decay of mRNAs harboring premature translation termination codons. In this chapter, I describe methods for monitoring the influence of NMD on mRNA abundance and decay rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The descriptions include detailed methods for growing yeast cells, total RNA isolation, and Nort

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides an ideal model system for elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. This chapter describes an array of molecular biological, genetic, and biochemical tools that facilitate the characterization of transcripts that comprise NMD substrates and provide insights into the roles of the upf/nmd proteins

Trots att urbaniseringen är negativ för biologisk mångfald lyfts urbana miljöer ofta fram som en möjlig tillflyktsort för arter. Dessutom har kunskapen om hur biologisk mångfald bidrar till goda livsmiljöer för människor blivit allt tydligare. I detta nummer av faktabladet kommer vi att utforska hur urbana miljöer kan gynna biologisk mångfald och skapa goda livsmiljöer för vissa arter och människo

This thesis presents fundamental studies on oxide-based catalysts and model catalysts used for the synthesis of renewable fuels. The two investigated oxide catalysts are In2O3(111) model catalysts and NiMo-oxide catalysts.The In2O3(111) surface is studied as a model system for In2O3-based catalysts used for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. Specifically, the interaction of In2O3(111) with CO2, syngas

The evolution of reading frame maintenance must have been an early event, and presumably preceded the emergence of the three domains Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya. Features evolved early in reading frame maintenance may still exist in present-day organisms. We show that one such feature may be the modified nucleoside 1-methylguanosine (m(1)G37), which prevents frameshifting and is present adjacent