This article examines irregular South‐South migration from China to Ghana, and the role it played in transforming livelihoods and broader developmental landscapes. It looks at the entry of approximately 50,000 Chinese migrants into the informal small‐scale gold mining sector from 2008‐2013. These migrants mainly hailed from Shanglin County in Guangxi Province. In Ghana, they formed mutually benefi

Over the last two decades, the global market for membrane technology in the food industry increased to a market volume of about € 800 - 850 million and is now the second biggest industrial market for membranes after water and wastewater treatment including desalination. The key membrane technologies in the food industry are the pressure driven membrane processes microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltrati

The rheological properties of linseed mucilage from different flax (Linum usitatissimum) varieties have been measured as well as the polysaccharide content and composition. The viscosity varied over a wide range from 0.02 to 0.28 Pas for 1 % solutions. It increased with increasing concentration and decreased with increasing shear rate. Depending on the variety and the concentration, the mucilage c

An important approach for image classification is the clustering of pixels in the spectral domain. Fast detection of different land cover regions or clusters of arbitrarily varying shapes and sizes in satellite images presents a challenging task. In this article, an efficient scalable parallel clustering technique of multi-spectral remote sensing imagery using a recently developed point symmetry-b

A measurement experiment regarding willingness to pay for antihypertensive therapy is reported. A new type of binary willingness to pay question is used, that allows for different degrees of certainty with respect to the responses. Mean willingness to pay is derived from a simple expected utility model and estimated using maximum likelihood methods. The estimated parameters are highly significant,

The paper presents some quantitative evidence on the relationship between certain socioeconomic and demographic factors and per capita health care expenditure in Africa. First, GNP per capita, percentage of births attended by health staff and foreign aid received per capita together explained 78.3% of the variance in health care expenditure. Second, per capita GNP is the most significant factor ex

Understanding public responses to environmental policies can help in achieving a move towards more renewable energy. Focusing on two types of public responses to a policy, namely public acceptance and public support, this study utilizes a survey of car owners (N = 1422) to explore public responses to an environmental transport policy in Sweden. The results demonstrate higher levels of public accep

Aims: Pulmonary congestion remains a diagnostic challenge in patients with heart failure (HF). The recommended method, chest X-ray (CXR), lacks in accuracy, whereas quantitative tomographic lung scintigraphy [ventilation/perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (V/P SPECT)] has shown promising results but needs independent validation. The aim of this study is to evaluate V/P SPECT as a

Background: Economic evaluation of new treatments in the field of glaucoma represents a challenge. In the absence of a clear epidemiological link between intra-ocular pressure (IOP) and disease progression to blindness, the economic impact of treatments that lower IOP on long-term outcome cannot be estimated. As an alternative, effectiveness may be expressed as the ability to control IOP over time

Standard price indices may not account for the price decrease that results when patients switch to pharmaceutical products for which their demand-reservation price exceeds the price of the new product. In a similar way, standard price indices may not account for the price increase that results when patients switch to pharmaceuticals for which the reservation price is below the price of the new dru

This paper analyses health care expenditure in Sweden and compares this with the corresponding expenditure In OECD countries. The definition and measurement problems of health care expenditure are discussed, new figures for the development of health care expenditure are presented and different measures of health care expenditure are provided. We found that health care expenditure has increased by

There are strong indications that particles containing secondary organic aerosol (SOA) exhibit amorphous solid or semi-solid phase states in the atmosphere. This may facilitate heterogeneous ice nucleation and thus influence cloud properties. However, experimental ice nucleation studies of biogenic SOA are scarce. Here, we investigated the ice nucleation ability of viscous SOA particles. The SOA p

1.Offspring size is a key functional trait that can affect all phases of the life history, from birth to reproduction, and is common to all the Metazoa. Despite its ubiquity, reviews of this trait tend to be taxon‐specific. We explored the causes and consequences of offspring size variation across plants, invertebrates and vertebrates.2.We find that offspring size shows clear latitudinal patterns Offspring size is a key functional trait that can affect all phases of the life history, from birth to reproduction, and is common to all the Metazoa. Despite its ubiquity, reviews of this trait tend to be taxon-specific. We explored the causes and consequences of offspring size variation across plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. We find that offspring size shows clear latitudinal patterns amo

Innovation is regarded as a highly open and interactive process, where companies absorb, generate and apply knowledge relying both on internal and external sources. They maintain links to various knowledge sources from local to global levels using particular channels for acquiring such knowledge. Although global knowledge networks might render the regional environment less important, we argue that

Pancreatic islet hormone secretion is central in the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis. During development of hyperglycaemia, the β-cell is under pressure to release more insulin to compensate for increased insulin resistance. Failure of the β-cells to secrete enough insulin results in type 2 diabetes (T2D). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules suitable for rapid regulation

The Paris Agreement calls on all nations to pursue efforts to contribute to limiting the global temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels. However, due to limited global, regional and country-specific analysis of highly ambitious GHG mitigation pathways, there is currently a lack of knowledge about the transformational changes needed in the coming decades to reach this target. Thr

International comparisons of health care expenditure are associated with many different kinds of problems. One type of problem is due to heterogeneous definitions and to difficulties with conversion to common prices. Such problems are present also if one selects homogeneous countries as, for example, the Nordic countries, which have a similar GDP per capita and social system. In this paper we comp

Parkin, McGuire and Yule (1987) (hereafter PMY) report that a regression of per capita health care expenditure on per capita income using different conversion factors (exchange rates, GDP PPPs, health PPPs) gave rise to different results. In this note we apply updated data to the same empirical relationship. In contrast to PMY, we find no noticeable conversion factor instability in that relationsh

In this paper, a new design methodology and process is proposed for small scale pure hydrogen production capable of serving energy markets ranging from distributed generation to vehicular refuelling. The system was designed for producing 7 Nm3/hr pure hydrogen (purity of < 1ppm CO dry), yielding 10 kWe net power from a fuel cell system with an overall parasitic power loss < 10 %. The discussion of