Efficient handling of faults during operation is highly dependent on the interval (latency) from the time embedded instruments detect errors to the time when the fault manager localizes the errors. Detection and localization latencies are dependent on the network connecting fault-monitoring instruments to the fault manager. The network can be dedicated to fault-monitoring data, or used for functio

This article examines the changing role of the Swedish state in employmentand welfare regulation in an environment that has become more market driven,commodified, and Europeanized. It begins with a theoretical reflection on the role of the state in capitalist development and a review of the recent debate on the spatiality of state regulation: the state as employer, redistributor, and arbiter, and

Stakeholders’ demands for product sustainability redefine the focus of corporate purchasing strategies from the traditional concern with financial performance to considerations of ‘triple bottom line’ viability. This adds to the complexity of managing interorganizational relationships and poses a question regarding corporate ability to effectively leverage suppliers over environmental and social p

Police crash reports are often the main source for official data in many countries. However, police sampling and data are known to be subject to bias, making the countermeasures adopted according to them possibly inefficient. In the case of bicycle crashes, this bias is most acute and it probably varies across countries, with some of them being more prone to reporting accidents to police than othe

The technique of stray field diffusion NMR is adapted to study the diffusion properties of water in monodisperse wet foams. We show for the first time, that the technique is capable of observing q-space diffusion diffraction peaks in monodisperse aqueous foams with initial bubble sizes in the range of 50-85 μm. The position of the peak maximum can be correlated simply to the bubble size in the foa

Frequent regression testing is a core activity in agile software development, but large test suites can lead to long test running times, hampering agility. By safe RTS (Regression Test Selection) techniques, a subset of the tests can be identified that cover all tests that can change result since the last run. To pay off in practice, the RTS overhead must be low. Most existing RTS techniques are b

Cytogenetic studies over the past few decades have revealed clonal chromosomal aberrations in almost 27,000 human neoplasms. Many of these neoplasia-associated chromosomal abnormalities have been characterised at the molecular level, revealing previously unknown genes that are closely associated with the tumorigenic process. Information on chromosome changes in neoplasia is growing rapidly, making

The goal of the GHG-CCI project (http://www.esa-ghg-cci.org/) of ESA's Climate Change Initiative (CCI) is to generate global atmospheric satellite-derived carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) data sets as needed to improve our understanding of the regional sources and sinks of these important greenhouse gases (GHG). Here we present an overview about the latest data set called Climate Research Da

Synopsis In methanol solutions of Zeise's salt, the parent complex [PtCl3(C2H4)]- as well as its solvolysis product, trans-[PtCl2(C2H4)(MeOH)], exchange rapidly with free ethene. The olefin exchange process, which is largely entropy controlled, involves the substitution labile site trans to the coordinated ethene. Abstract Complex equilibria in methanol/chloroform/dichloromethane solutions contain

Reactions of 4-thio-2′-deoxyuridine d(s4U) and 4-thiouridine 5′-monophosphate s4UMP with trans-[AuY2Cl2]+/– (Y = CN– or NH3) have been investigated by conventional and high-pressure stopped-flow spectrophotometry in aqueous solution with 2.9 ⩽ pH ⩽ 7.0. For a given combination of metal complex and sulfur donor the observed second-order rate constants decreased with increasing pH. In the pH range 2

Certain pesticides may affect children's neurodevelopment. We assessed whether pesticide exposure was associated with impaired neurobehavioral outcomes in children aged 6–9 years. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 140 children living near banana plantations and plantain farms in the Talamanca County, Costa Rica and assessed their neurobehavioral performance. Exposure was determined by analyz

The need for deep decarbonisation in the energy intensive basic materials industry is increasingly recognised. In light of the vast future potential for renewable electricity the implications of electrifying the production of basic materials in the European Union is explored in a what-if thought-experiment. Production of steel, cement, glass, lime, petrochemicals, chlorine and ammonia required 125

While there is general agreement on the necessity tomeasure glomerular filtration rate (GFR) inmany clinical situations, there is less agreement on the bestmethod to achieve this purpose. As the gold standardmethod for GFR determination, urinary (or renal) clearance of inulin, fades into the background due to inconvenience and high cost, a diversity of filtrationmarkers and protocols compete to re

Aims: To describe factors associated with prevalence or absence of microvascular and macrovascular complications in people with Type 1 diabetes of very long duration and to investigate the risk factors associated with the incidence of such complications. Methods: We included individuals with Type 1 diabetes who had been entered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register between 2002 and 2004 (n = 1

BACKGROUND While there is ample evidence for health risks associated with heat and other extreme weather events today, little is known about the impact of weather patterns on population health in preindustrial societies.OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of weather patterns on population health in Sweden before and during industrialization.METHODSWe obtained records of monthly mortality and of mon

The paper discusses the problems with pregnancy labeling of drugs. The Swedish, United States, and Australian labeling systems are briefly summarized. Data on drug use in early pregnancy in Sweden (1996) are presented according to pregnancy labeling category and with details on drugs thought to be teratogenic or where animal data suggest hazards. The various situations when drug teratogenicity are

Procellariiform or 'tubenosed' seabirds are challenged to find prey and orient over seemingly featureless oceans. Previous studies have found that life-history strategy (burrow versus surface nesting) was correlated to foraging strategy. Burrow nesters tended to track prey using dimethyl sulphide (DMS), a compound associated with phytoplankton, whereas surface-nesting species did not. Burrow neste