The article is focused on the history of the Hanseatic League.

Recent in vitro experiments have shown that DNA ejection from bacteriophage can be partially stopped by surrounding osmotic pressure when ejected DNA is digested by DNase I in the course of ejection. In this work, we argue by a combination of experimental techniques (osmotic suppression without DNase I monitored by UV absorbance, pulse-field electrophoresis, and cryo-transmission electron microsco

Background: HIV-positive women have an increased risk of developing cervical cancer (CC) compared to the HIV-negative women. Despite this, HIV and CC screening programs in many developing countries have remained disintegrated. Therefore, the objective of the study was to explore perceptions of healthcare providers (HCP) and policy makers (PM) about integration of HIV and CC screening services in U

This book is a collection of articles on the subject of the history of archaeology in the Nordic area.

Artikeln fokuserar på lokala handlingsstrategier för att tillförsäkra skäliga levnadsvillkor och lyfter även fram reflektioner utifrån Malmökommissionens studier om försörjningsstödets funktion och räckvidd med fokus på familjers och barns ekonomiska utsatthet. Den ökade inkomstojämliketen tillsammans med en hög andel Malmöbors osäkra eller obefintliga ställning på den reglerade arbetsmarknaden oc

The Bicoid (Bcd) protein gradient in Drosophila serves as a paradigm for gradient formation in textbooks. To explain the generation of the gradient, the ARTS model, which is based on the observation of a bcd mRNA gradient, proposes that the bcd mRNA, localized at the anterior pole at fertilization, migrates along microtubules (MTs) at the cortex to the posterior to form a bcd mRNA gradient which i

Proteinuria is associated with progression of kidney disease and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiological alterations resulting in proteinuria are obscure, although proteinuria is often associated with pathological changes in the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). It is therefore of great interest to study the physiology of the GFB, in orde

We demonstrate a method that likely will improve the accuracy of functionals used in density functional theory and pair density functional theory. In deriving the method we show that the coupling-integrated exchange-correlation hole used in density functional theory obeys all the N-representability conditions as non-integrated holes and we give two such conditions, not normally used by the density

Globaisering ställer krav på socialförsäkringar som ger ett gott skydd, men även på en design som främjar rörlighet. Rapporten analyserar hur socialförsäkringar bör utformas för att ge effektivitets- och fördelningsvinster.

This paper reviews and extends searches for the direct pair production of the scalar supersymmetric partners of the top and bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions collected by the ATLAS collaboration during the LHC Run 1. Most of the analyses use 20 [Formula: see text] of collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of [Formula: see text] TeV, although in some case an additional [Formula: see text] of

Infections frequently consist of more than one strain of a given pathogen. Experiments have shown that co-infecting strains often compete, so that the infection intensity of each strain in mixed infections is lower than in single strain infections. Such within-host competition can have important epidemiological and evolutionary consequences. However, the extent of competition has rarely been inves

Northern peatlands hold large amounts of organic carbon (C) in their soils and are as such important in a climate change context. Blanket bogs, i.e. nutrient-poor peatlands restricted to maritime climates, may be extra vulnerable to global warming since they require a positive water balance to sustain their moss dominated vegetation and C sink functioning. This study presents a 4.5 year record of

The anesthetic conserving device (ACD) reduces consumption of volatile anesthetic drug by a conserving medium adsorbing exhaled drug during expiration and releasing it during inspiration. Elevated arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) has been observed in patients using the ACD, despite tidal volume increase to compensate for larger apparatus dead space. In a test lung using room temperature dry gas, this

Alterations in metabolism influence lifespan in experimental models, but data in humans are lacking. Here we use liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to quantify 217 plasma metabolites and examine their relation to longevity in a large cohort of men and women followed for up to 20 years. We find that, higher concentrations of the citric acid cycle intermediate, isocitrate, and the bile acid, ta

Leptin has been shown to play an integral role in the endocrine regulation of metabolism. Moreover, a substantial amount of this peptide has been found in colostrum and milk. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of exogenous leptin, administered intragastrically, on the process of autophagy and the changes in cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy in the small intestine mucosa. Three grou